Zhao Jing, Wang Guozhou, Chen Lei, Yu Simiao, Li Wenli
Department of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.
Department of Intensive Care Unit, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.
Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs. 2022 Jun 29;9(8):100107. doi: 10.1016/j.apjon.2022.100107. eCollection 2022 Aug.
A primary cancer diagnosis has been confirmed as an important risk factor for falls, and the incidence of falls has been shown to be higher in patients who have undergone cancer treatment than in those who have not undergone cancer treatment. Falls during hospitalization increase the medical costs of additional treatment and falls-related mortality. Many falls are preventable and a good understanding of the predictors of falls in this population is needed. However, the risk factors for falls have not yet been identified. The purpose of this review was to identify the risk factors for falls in hospitalized patients with cancer. Eleven English and Chinese electronic databases were searched from their inception to April 2022 and the methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Five studies involving 1237 patients with cancer were included. The meta-analysis identifies eleven risk factors for falls in hospitalized patients with cancer, including age, history of falls, opiates, benzodiazepines, steroids, antipsychotics, sedatives, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, the use of an assistive device and length of hospitalization. Based on the evidence presented in this article, healthcare workers have the capacity to help reduce fall risk through the development of preventive support strategies in this population. Multicenter, prospective studies of patients with cancer should be conducted to further identify and validate their risk factors for falls.
原发性癌症诊断已被确认为跌倒的一个重要风险因素，并且已表明接受过癌症治疗的患者跌倒发生率高于未接受过癌症治疗的患者。住院期间的跌倒会增加额外治疗的医疗费用以及与跌倒相关的死亡率。许多跌倒是可以预防的，因此需要深入了解该人群中跌倒的预测因素。然而，跌倒的风险因素尚未得到明确。本综述的目的是确定癌症住院患者跌倒的风险因素。检索了11个英文和中文电子数据库，时间跨度从建库至2022年4月，并使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华质量评估量表评估纳入研究的方法学质量。纳入了5项涉及1237例癌症患者的研究。荟萃分析确定了癌症住院患者跌倒的11个风险因素，包括年龄、跌倒史、阿片类药物、苯二氮卓类药物、类固醇、抗精神病药物、镇静剂、放射治疗、化疗、使用辅助装置以及住院时间。基于本文提供的证据，医护人员有能力通过制定针对该人群的预防支持策略来帮助降低跌倒风险。应开展针对癌症患者的多中心前瞻性研究，以进一步识别并验证他们跌倒的风险因素。
