Ramadan Azza, Elnour Asim Ahmed
AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
Program of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Abu Dhabi Campus-Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi-UAE.
J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2022 Apr-Jun;14(2):72-80. doi: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_455_21. Epub 2022 Jul 18.
Recently, a plethora of events have affected the statin arena such as muscle-induced myalgia, myopathy, myositis, rare rhabdomyolysis, and new-onset diabetes. The latest statin pitavastatin has emerged with descent stamina (optimum efficacy and improved safety).
The objective of the current review is to explore the pros and cons of pitavastatin as a novel second-generation statin in terms of efficacy and safety that delineate its clinical utility.
The review was conducted via EBSCO hosted Medline search (AL Ain University, UAE subscription) for relevant English written literature articles containing "pitavastatin" as the primary search term "pitavastatin and safety;" "pitavastatin and efficacy" and "pitavastatin and safety and randomized clinical trials;" and "pitavastatin and efficacy and randomized clinical trials."
The number of articles containing the word "pitavastatin" as the primary search term used was ( = 901). The next retrieves MeSH term was "pitavastatin and safety" ( = 99) and then "pitavastatin and efficacy" ( = 132). Furthermore, narrowing down the search by adding study design terms revealed: "pitavastatin and safety and randomized clinical trials," ( = 10) and "pitavastatin and efficacy and randomized clinical trials" ( = 13). Combining the two main searches (safety and efficacy) has yielded 23 items, of which 15 articles were satisfying the current mini-review criteria. The prominent efficacy of pitavastatin was depicted by the increase in high-dense lipoprotein cholesterol and a decrease in low-dense lipoprotein cholesterol as illustrated by the clinical trials in the results and discussions section. The safety was enlightened with a very low propensity to cause new-onset diabetes and a low tendency for statin-induced muscular adverse events.
Pitavastatin might be suitable for patients with the acute coronary syndrome (ACS), metabolic syndrome, and patients with diabetes. We highly recommend rational individualization for the selection of statin, especially in patients with diabetes and/or with ACS.
最近，大量事件影响了他汀类药物领域，如肌肉诱导的肌痛、肌病、肌炎、罕见的横纹肌溶解症以及新发糖尿病。最新的他汀类药物匹伐他汀已崭露头角，具有良好的耐受性（最佳疗效和更高的安全性）。
本综述的目的是探讨匹伐他汀作为新型第二代他汀类药物在疗效和安全性方面的优缺点，以阐明其临床应用价值。
通过EBSCO主办的Medline搜索（阿联酋艾因大学订阅）进行综述，以“匹伐他汀”为主要搜索词，搜索相关英文文献文章，包括“匹伐他汀与安全性”“匹伐他汀与疗效”“匹伐他汀与安全性及随机临床试验”以及“匹伐他汀与疗效及随机临床试验”。
以“匹伐他汀”作为主要搜索词的文章数量为（=901）。接下来检索的MeSH词是“匹伐他汀与安全性”（=99），然后是“匹伐他汀与疗效”（=132）。此外，通过添加研究设计术语缩小搜索范围后发现：“匹伐他汀与安全性及随机临床试验”（=10）和“匹伐他汀与疗效及随机临床试验”（=13）。将两个主要搜索（安全性和疗效）相结合，得到23篇文章，其中15篇文章符合当前的小型综述标准。结果和讨论部分的临床试验表明，匹伐他汀的显著疗效表现为高密度脂蛋白胆固醇升高和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇降低。其安全性体现在引发新发糖尿病的倾向极低，以及他汀类药物诱导的肌肉不良事件发生率较低。
匹伐他汀可能适用于急性冠状动脉综合征（ACS）、代谢综合征和糖尿病患者。我们强烈建议在选择他汀类药物时进行合理的个体化用药，尤其是对于糖尿病患者和/或ACS患者。
