Rana Mukaram
Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Intensive Care Unit, Fulda Clinic, University Medicine Marburg-Campus Fulda, Germany.
Cardiol Cardiovasc Med. 2022 Jun;6(3):315-324. doi: 10.26502/fccm.92920267. Epub 2022 Jun 27.
Aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common valvular heart disease in Europe and North America requiring a surgical or interventional treatment. Due to demographic changes with an aging population the burden of valvular heart diseases and especially the importance of aortic stenosis (AS) will be growing in future. As the onset of symptoms is associated with a decrease in life expectancy appropriate and early diagnosis are of utmost importance. However, insights of clinical practice underline diagnostic challenges which may lead to a delayed initiation of treatment with an adverse effect on the prognosis. The aim of this review is to display different diagnostic approaches that may be helpful in detecting patients with aortic valve stenosis. This review will focus on both non-invasive and invasive diagnostic approaches that can be implemented in clinical routine. Further-more, we will especially highlight recommendations of the 2021 European guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease.
For this review a selective literature research on the databases PubMed and Google Scholar was conducted. Original articles, reviews and meta-analyses were included when meeting our search criteria. Following terms were used in different combinations: Aortic valve stenosis; Aortic stenosis; diagnosis of aortic stenosis; ESC Guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease.
在欧洲和北美，主动脉瓣狭窄（AS）是最常见的需要进行外科手术或介入治疗的心脏瓣膜病。由于人口结构变化导致人口老龄化，心脏瓣膜病的负担，尤其是主动脉瓣狭窄（AS）的重要性在未来将会增加。由于症状的出现与预期寿命的降低相关，因此恰当且早期的诊断至关重要。然而，临床实践的见解强调了诊断方面的挑战，这可能导致治疗开始延迟，对预后产生不利影响。本综述的目的是展示不同的诊断方法，这些方法可能有助于检测出患有主动脉瓣狭窄的患者。本综述将聚焦于可在临床常规中实施的非侵入性和侵入性诊断方法。此外，我们将特别强调2021年欧洲心脏瓣膜病管理指南的建议。
为进行本综述，在PubMed和谷歌学术数据库上进行了选择性文献检索。符合我们检索标准的原创文章、综述和荟萃分析均被纳入。使用了以下不同组合的术语：主动脉瓣狭窄；主动脉狭窄；主动脉狭窄的诊断；欧洲心脏病学会心脏瓣膜病管理指南。
