Yin Li, Kent Eric William, Wang Bowen
Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States.
Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022 Aug 12;9:950018. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.950018. eCollection 2022.
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a focal dilation of the aorta that is prevalent in aged populations. The progressive and unpredictable expansion of AAA could result in aneurysmal rupture, which is associated with ~80% mortality. Due to the expanded screening efforts and progress in diagnostic tools, an ever-increasing amount of asymptomatic AAA patients are being identified yet without a cure to stop the rampant aortic expansion. A key barrier that hinders the development of effective AAA treatment is our incomplete understanding of the cellular and molecular basis of its pathogenesis and progression into rupture. Animal models provide invaluable mechanistic insights into AAA pathophysiology. However, there is no single experimental model that completely recapitulate the complex biology behind AAA, and different AAA-inducing methodologies are associated with distinct disease course and rupture rate. In this review article, we summarize the established murine models of ruptured AAA and discuss their respective strengths and utilities.
腹主动脉瘤（AAA）是主动脉的局灶性扩张，在老年人群中普遍存在。AAA的进行性和不可预测的扩张可能导致动脉瘤破裂，其死亡率约为80%。由于筛查力度的加大和诊断工具的进步，越来越多的无症状AAA患者被发现，但尚无治愈方法来阻止主动脉的猖獗扩张。阻碍有效治疗AAA发展的一个关键障碍是我们对其发病机制和发展为破裂的细胞和分子基础的不完全理解。动物模型为AAA病理生理学提供了宝贵的机制见解。然而，没有单一的实验模型能完全重现AAA背后的复杂生物学，不同的AAA诱导方法与不同的疾病进程和破裂率相关。在这篇综述文章中，我们总结了已建立的破裂AAA小鼠模型，并讨论了它们各自的优势和用途。
