Department of Biology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia; Scientific Group for Research on Epigenetic Biomarkers, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia; Scientific Centre of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.
Ljudevit Jurak Clinical Department of Pathology and Cytology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia.
Biomol Biomed. 2023 Feb 1;23(1):176-186. doi: 10.17305/bjbms.2022.7497.
High prevalence and mortality of prostate cancer (PCa) are well known global health issues. Novel biomarkers for better identifying patients with PCa are the subject of extensive research. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) shows low specificity in screening and diagnostics, leading to unnecessary biopsies and health costs. Eighty patients with PCa and benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) were included in the study. We analyzed CAV1 gene expression and methylation in tissue. CAV1 cfDNA methylation from blood and seminal plasma was accessed as a potential PCa biomarker. Although methylation in blood plasma did not differ between PCa and BPH patients, methylation in seminal plasma showed better PCa biomarker performances than tPSA (AUC 0.63 vs. AUC 0.52). Discrimination of BPH and Gleason grade group 1 PCa patients from patients with higher Gleason grade groups revealed very good performance as well (AUC 0.72). CAV1 methylation is useful biomarker with potential for further seminal plasma cfDNA research, but its diagnostic accuracy should be improved, as well as general knowledge about cfDNA in seminal plasma.
前列腺癌（PCa）的高患病率和死亡率是众所周知的全球健康问题。新型生物标志物可更好地识别 PCa 患者，这是广泛研究的主题。前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）在筛查和诊断中的特异性较低，导致不必要的活检和健康成本增加。本研究纳入了 80 例前列腺癌和良性前列腺增生（BPH）患者。我们分析了组织中的 CAV1 基因表达和甲基化。评估了血液和精液中 CA V1 cfDNA 甲基化作为潜在的前列腺癌生物标志物。虽然 PCa 患者和 BPH 患者的血浆甲基化无差异，但与 tPSA 相比，精液中的甲基化显示出更好的 PCa 生物标志物性能（AUC 0.63 与 AUC 0.52）。从具有更高 Gleason 分级组的患者中区分 BPH 和 Gleason 分级组 1 PCa 患者的表现也非常好（AUC 0.72）。CA V1 甲基化是一种有用的生物标志物，具有进一步研究精液 cfDNA 的潜力，但应提高其诊断准确性，并提高对精液 cfDNA 的一般认识。
