Ailijiang Nuerla, Cui Xi, Mamat Anwar, Mamitimin Yusuyunjiang, Zhong Naifu, Cheng Wenhu, Li Nanxin, Zhang Qiongfang, Pu Miao
Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology of Education Ministry, College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, People's Republic of China.
Xinjiang Jinghe Observation and Research Station of Temperate Desert Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Urumqi, 830017, People's Republic of China.
Environ Geochem Health. 2023 May;45(5):2549-2565. doi: 10.1007/s10653-022-01369-8. Epub 2022 Aug 29.
Dietary consumption of contaminated vegetables is the main route of human exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). However, there is a lack of research on PAHs in vegetables from northwest China. In this study, the concentrations, sources, and risk assessment of PAHs in the soil and vegetables of Urumqi, an urbanized city in Xinjiang, China, were investigated. The total concentrations of 16 PAHs in soil and vegetable samples ranged 10.58-77.20 and 93.7-1071.8 ng/g, with average values of 2.86 and 242.76 ng/g, respectively. Among vegetable samples, the concentrations were in the order: leafy vegetables (299.08 ng/g) > fruits (192.65 ng/g) > vegetable roots (152.05 ng/g). The source apportionment of PAHs was identified using positive matrix factorization. The primary sources of PAHs in soil samples are oil spills, traffic emissions, coal combustion, and coke combustion. The main sources of PAHs in vegetable samples are oil spills and burning of grass, wood, coal, and coke. In soil samples, the ecological risk caused by PAHs is at a safe level, and the incremental lifetime cancer risks (ILCRs) of ingestion exposure exceed 1.0 × 10, which will pose potential risks to human body. The ILCRs of vegetable samples revealed that all groups had potential risks from onion and cabbage consumption (ILCRs > 1.0 × 10). In particular, adult women had a higher risk of cancer (ILCRs > 1.0 × 10). These results emphasize the importance of combating PAHs pollution in vegetable bases.
食用受污染蔬菜是人类接触多环芳烃（PAHs）的主要途径。然而，中国西北地区蔬菜中多环芳烃的研究较少。本研究调查了中国新疆城市化城市乌鲁木齐土壤和蔬菜中多环芳烃的浓度、来源及风险评估。土壤和蔬菜样品中16种多环芳烃的总浓度范围分别为10.58 - 77.20 ng/g和93.7 - 1071.8 ng/g，平均值分别为2.86 ng/g和242.76 ng/g。在蔬菜样品中，浓度顺序为：叶菜类（299.08 ng/g）＞水果类（192.65 ng/g）＞蔬菜根类（152.05 ng/g）。采用正定矩阵因子分解法对多环芳烃进行源解析。土壤样品中多环芳烃的主要来源是石油泄漏、交通排放、煤炭燃烧和焦炭燃烧。蔬菜样品中多环芳烃的主要来源是石油泄漏以及草、木材、煤炭和焦炭的燃烧。在土壤样品中，多环芳烃造成的生态风险处于安全水平，但经口摄入暴露的终生癌症风险增量（ILCRs）超过1.0×10，这将对人体构成潜在风险。蔬菜样品的ILCRs表明，食用洋葱和卷心菜的所有人群均存在潜在风险（ILCRs＞1.0×10）。特别是成年女性患癌风险更高（ILCRs＞1.0×10）。这些结果强调了防治蔬菜基地多环芳烃污染的重要性。
