Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.
Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.
Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2022 Sep;22(9):491-497. doi: 10.1089/vbz.2022.0021. Epub 2022 Aug 26.
Spotted fever group species are intracellular bacteria transmitted by tick or mite vectors and that cause human diseases referred to as spotted fever group rickettsioses, or spotted fevers. In the United States, the most recognized and commonly reported spotted fevers are Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) (), rickettsiosis, Pacific Coast tick fever ( species 364D), and rickettsialpox (). In this study, we summarize and evaluate surveillance data on spotted fever cases reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) through the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System from 2010 to 2018. During this period, there were 36,632 reported cases of spotted fevers with 95.83% ( = 35,104) reported as meeting the case definition as probable and 4.17% ( = 1528) reported as meeting the case definition as confirmed. The average national incidence of total cases, both probable and confirmed, was 12.77 cases per million persons per year. The highest statewide incidence was in Arkansas, with 256.84 per million per year, whereas the lowest incidence occurred in California, with 0.32 per million per year (note that spotted fevers were not notifiable in Hawaii and Alaska). Cases of spotted fevers were reported more frequently among males by gender, White by race, and non-Hispanic by ethnicity. The incidence of spotted fevers increased significantly from 2010 to 2018, but it is uncertain how many of the reported cases were RMSF and how many developed from more moderate spotted fevers. Improvement of the ability to differentiate between spotted fever group species is needed.
斑点热群种是通过蜱或螨传播的细胞内细菌，会引起人类疾病，被称为斑点热群立克次体病或斑点热。在美国，最受认可和常见的斑点热有落矶山斑点热（RMSF）(1)、斑疹热立克次体病、太平洋沿岸壁虱热（种 364D）和立克次体痘(2)。在这项研究中，我们总结和评估了 2010 年至 2018 年通过国家法定传染病监测系统向疾病预防控制中心（CDC）报告的斑点热病例监测数据。在此期间，报告了 36632 例斑点热病例，其中 95.83%（ = 35104）符合疑似病例定义，4.17%（ = 1528）符合确诊病例定义。总病例（疑似和确诊）的全国平均发病率为每百万人每年 12.77 例。全州发病率最高的是阿肯色州，为每百万人每年 256.84 例，而发病率最低的是加利福尼亚州，为每百万人每年 0.32 例（请注意，夏威夷和阿拉斯加没有报告斑点热）。按性别报告的病例中，男性多于女性，按种族报告的病例中，白人多于其他种族，按族裔报告的病例中，非西班牙裔多于其他族裔。从 2010 年到 2018 年，斑点热的发病率显著上升，但不确定报告的病例中有多少是 RMSF，有多少是由较为温和的斑点热发展而来。需要提高区分斑点热群种的能力。
