Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC Campus, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India; and Present address: Department of Plant Functional Metabolomics, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznan, Poland.
Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC Campus, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Funct Plant Biol. 2022 Nov;49(12):1009-1028. doi: 10.1071/FP21294.
Plants, the primary producers of our planet, have evolved from simple aquatic life to very complex terrestrial habitat. This habitat transition coincides with evolution of enormous chemical diversity, collectively termed as 'Plant Specialised Metabolisms (PSMs)', to cope the environmental challenges. Plant glycosylation is an important process of metabolic diversification of PSMs to govern their in planta stability, solubility and inter/intra-cellular transport. Although, individual category of PSMs (terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, phytohormones, glucosinolates and cyanogenic glycosides) have been well studied; nevertheless, deeper insights of physiological functioning and genomic aspects of plant glycosylation/deglycosylation processes including enzymatic machinery (CYPs, GTs, and GHs) and regulatory elements are still elusive. Therefore, this review discussed the paradigm shift on genomic background of enzymatic machinery, transporters and regulatory mechanism of 'Plant Specialised Glycosides (PSGs)'. Current efforts also update the fundamental understanding about physiological, evolutionary and adaptive role of glycosylation/deglycosylation processes during the metabolic diversification of PSGs. Additionally, futuristic considerations and recommendations for employing integrated next-generation multi-omics (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics), including gene/genome editing (CRISPR-Cas) approaches are also proposed to explore commercial potential of PSGs.
植物是我们星球的主要生产者，它们从简单的水生生物进化到非常复杂的陆地栖息地。这种栖息地的转变与巨大的化学多样性的进化同时发生，这些化学物质统称为“植物特化代谢产物（PSMs）”，以应对环境挑战。植物糖基化是 PSMs 代谢多样化的一个重要过程，以控制其在植物体内的稳定性、溶解性和细胞内/间运输。尽管个别类别的 PSMs（萜类、苯丙烷类、类黄酮类、皂角苷类、生物碱类、植物激素、硫代葡萄糖苷和氰苷）已经得到了很好的研究；然而，关于植物糖基化/去糖基化过程的生理功能和基因组方面的更深入的见解，包括酶机制（CYPs、GTs 和 GHs）和调节元件，仍然难以捉摸。因此，本综述讨论了在酶机制、转运蛋白和“植物特化糖苷（PSGs）”的调节机制的基因组背景下的范式转变。目前的研究还更新了对糖基化/去糖基化过程在 PSGs 代谢多样化过程中的生理、进化和适应性作用的基本认识。此外，还提出了未来的考虑因素和建议，以利用整合的下一代多组学（基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学和代谢组学），包括基因/基因组编辑（CRISPR-Cas）方法，来探索 PSGs 的商业潜力。
