Asghar Adil, Priya Ananya, Ravi Kumar Satish, Iwanaga Joe, Tubbs R Shane, Naaz Shagufta, Panchal Padamjeet
Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India.
Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India.
Anat Sci Int. 2023 Mar;98(2):176-184. doi: 10.1007/s12565-022-00682-7. Epub 2022 Aug 29.
The inferior alveolar nerve and vessels are carried via the mandibular canal, which extends bilaterally from the inferior alveolar foramen to the mental foramen. Bifid and trifid mandibular canals result from abnormal fusions of nerve canals. The purpose of this study was to provide an up-to-date and comprehensive analysis of the prevalence of mandibular canal variations among healthy adults, and to identify any potential ethnic, sex, or laterality predilections. The prevalence of the bifid mandibular canal was 18.87% and that of the trifid canal 1.3%. Unilateral variants were three times commoner than bilateral. Each mandibular half had four canals emanating from separate openings on the lingual surface of the mandibular ramus. Retromolar and forward canals were the predominant subtypes, followed by dental; buccolingual were the least frequent. The mean length and diameter of the bifid mandibular canal were 13.62 mm and 1.63 mm, respectively. The possibility of a bifid mandibular canal is a crucial consideration in dental medicine. Because anatomical variations of the mandibular canal are fairly common, awareness of them is essential for anatomy teachers and for surgeons who operate in the oromaxillofacial region.
下牙槽神经和血管通过下颌管走行，下颌管从下颌孔向两侧延伸至颏孔。下颌管的双叉和三叉变异是由神经管的异常融合导致的。本研究的目的是对健康成年人下颌管变异的发生率进行最新的全面分析，并确定是否存在任何潜在的种族、性别或左右侧偏好。双叉下颌管的发生率为18.87%，三叉下颌管的发生率为1.3%。单侧变异比双侧变异常见三倍。每侧下颌骨有四条管道从下颌支舌面的不同开口发出。磨牙后管和向前走行的管道是主要亚型，其次是牙管；颊舌向管道最少见。双叉下颌管的平均长度和直径分别为13.62毫米和1.63毫米。双叉下颌管的可能性是牙医学中的一个关键考虑因素。由于下颌管的解剖变异相当常见，解剖学教师和在口腔颌面区域手术的外科医生必须了解这些变异。
