Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Londrina State University (UEL), Londrina, Brazil.
Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil.
Int J Equity Health. 2022 Aug 29;21(1):120. doi: 10.1186/s12939-022-01728-y.
The current study aimed to describe the trends in gender, ethnicity, and education inequalities of types of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) practiced by Brazilian adults from 2006 to 2019.
We used data from 2006 to 2019 of the Brazilian Surveillance System for Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases by Telephone Survey, which is an annual survey with a representative sample of adults (≥ 18y) living in state capital cities. The types of LTPA considered were walking, running, strength/gymnastics, sports, other LTPA, and no LTPA participation. Gender (women or men), ethnicity (white, black, brown, or yellow/indigenous), and years of formal education were also self-reported. We used relative frequencies and their respective 95% confidence intervals to analyze trends. The absolute and relative differences between the proportions were used to assess the inequalities.
We observed increases in inequalities related to gender and education (running and strength/gymnastics), while gender inequalities for sports, other types, and no LTPA participation decreased. There were persistent inequalities related to gender (walking) and education (sports, other types, and no LTPA participation). Considering ethnicity, we noted increases in inequality for strength/gymnastics, where white adults were more active than black and brown adults. In addition, white adults reported more access to LTPA than brown adults over the years analyzed.
Women, black and brown people, and subjects with less schooling were the most unfavored groups. While some inequalities persisted over the years, others increased, such as ethnicity and education inequalities for strength/gymnastics.
本研究旨在描述 2006 年至 2019 年巴西成年人在休闲时间体育活动（LTPA）类型方面的性别、种族和教育不平等趋势。
我们使用了 2006 年至 2019 年巴西风险和保护因素监测系统（电话调查）的数据，该系统是一项年度调查，对居住在州首府的成年人（≥18 岁）进行了代表性抽样。考虑的 LTPA 类型包括散步、跑步、力量/体操、运动、其他 LTPA 和不参加 LTPA。性别（女性或男性）、种族（白种人、黑种人、棕色人种或黄种人/原住民）和正规教育年限也是自我报告的。我们使用相对频率及其各自的 95%置信区间来分析趋势。绝对和相对比例差异用于评估不平等。
我们观察到与性别和教育相关的不平等有所增加（跑步和力量/体操），而与性别相关的运动、其他类型和不参加 LTPA 的不平等有所减少。性别（散步）和教育（运动、其他类型和不参加 LTPA）方面仍存在持续的不平等。考虑到种族，我们注意到力量/体操方面的不平等有所增加，其中白种成年人比黑人和棕色成年人更活跃。此外，与棕色成年人相比，多年来白种成年人报告更有机会参加 LTPA。
女性、黑人和棕色人种以及受教育程度较低的人是最不利的群体。虽然一些不平等现象多年来一直存在，但其他不平等现象也在增加，例如种族和教育对力量/体操的不平等。
