Sakellakis Minas, Spathas Nikolaos, Tsaousis Konstantinos T, Nikitiadis Emmanouil N, Linardou Helena, Diakonis Vasilios F
Medical Oncology, Hellenic Genitourinary Cancer Group, Athens, GRC.
Fourth Oncology Department and Comprehensive Clinical Trial Center, Metropolitan Hospital, Athens, GRC.
Cureus. 2022 Jul 26;14(7):e27266. doi: 10.7759/cureus.27266. eCollection 2022 Jul.
The outcomes of patients with genitourinary (GU) cancers have been steadily improving in recent years. Novel therapies have entered our armamentarium, while several other regimens are currently being studied in clinical trials. This recent explosion of new agents has improved patient survival and the quality of life for patients, but has also significantly increased the frequency of several side effects. The current review will focus on the potential ocular adverse reactions of GU neoplastic treatments. The broad spectrum of manifestations of ocular toxicity underscores the uniqueness and complexity of the anatomic, physiologic, and metabolic features of the human eye. Most side effects are mild in severity and transient, but some can be severe, disabling, and irreversible. Clinicians should be aware of complications that might be vision threatening and impact the patient's quality of life. In this review, we focused on the ocular toxicity of the antineoplastic regimens that are currently used for the treatment of GU, including prostate cancer, bladder cancer, renal cell carcinoma, testicular cancer, pheochromocytoma, adrenocortical carcinoma, and penile cancer.
近年来，泌尿生殖系统（GU）癌症患者的治疗效果一直在稳步改善。新型疗法已加入我们的治疗手段，同时其他几种治疗方案目前正在临床试验中进行研究。最近新药物的大量涌现提高了患者的生存率和生活质量，但也显著增加了几种副作用的发生频率。本综述将聚焦于GU肿瘤治疗潜在的眼部不良反应。眼部毒性表现的广泛范围凸显了人眼解剖、生理和代谢特征的独特性和复杂性。大多数副作用严重程度较轻且为一过性，但有些可能很严重、导致残疾且不可逆转。临床医生应意识到可能威胁视力并影响患者生活质量的并发症。在本综述中，我们重点关注了目前用于治疗GU的抗肿瘤方案的眼部毒性，这些癌症包括前列腺癌、膀胱癌、肾细胞癌、睾丸癌、嗜铬细胞瘤、肾上腺皮质癌和阴茎癌。
