Department of Translational Molecular Medicine, Division of Molecular Oncology, John Wayne Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA.
Department of Urology and Urologic Oncology, John Wayne Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA.
Eur Urol Focus. 2017 Apr;3(2-3):265-272. doi: 10.1016/j.euf.2017.03.009. Epub 2017 Mar 31.
By 2020 the estimated incidence of genitourinary (GU) cancers (prostate, bladder, and kidney) will be over 2 million worldwide and responsible for ∼800 000 deaths. Current diagnosis and monitoring methods of GU cancer patients are often invasive and/or lack sensitivity and specificity. Given the utility of blood-based cell-free nucleic acid (cfNA) biomarkers, the development of urinary cfNA biomarkers may improve the sensitivity of urine assays utilizing urine sediment for GU cancers. This review of urinary cfNA in GU cancers identifies the current stage of research, potential clinical utility, and the next steps needed to enter clinical use.
To critically evaluate the literature of urinary cfNA in GU cancers for clinical utility in diagnosis, screening, and precision medicine. Furthermore, the strategy for future efforts to discover potential new urinary cfNA biomarkers will be described.
A PubMed database (2006 to current) search was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systemic Review and Meta-analysis using key Medical Subject Headings terms. Additional studies were obtained by cross-referencing from the literature.
The collective research publications in urinary cfNA of GU cancers present a promising alternative liquid biopsy approach compared with blood biopsies and urine sediment, particularly for early-stage GU diseases.
Urinary cfNA as a liquid biopsy holds potential for a more sensitive alternative to blood biopsies and urine sediment-based tests for clinical use in GU cancers. Not only does urinary cfNA offer advantages including the potential for more frequent testing, monitoring, and home use, but also has applications in early-stage GU cancers.
In this review, we evaluated the current status of urinary cell-free nucleic acid in genitourinary cancers. We identified the potential advantages of urinary cell-free nucleic acid over blood and urine sediment and its clinical use in genitourinary cancer.
到 2020 年，全球预计将有超过 200 万例泌尿生殖系统（GU）癌症（前列腺、膀胱和肾脏）病例，导致约 80 万人死亡。目前 GU 癌症患者的诊断和监测方法通常具有侵入性，或缺乏敏感性和特异性。鉴于血液游离核酸（cfNA）生物标志物的实用性，开发尿 cfNA 生物标志物可能会提高利用尿液沉淀物进行 GU 癌症尿液检测的敏感性。本文综述了 GU 癌症中的尿 cfNA，确定了研究的当前阶段、潜在的临床应用以及进入临床应用所需的下一步。
批判性地评估 GU 癌症中尿 cfNA 的文献，以评估其在诊断、筛查和精准医学中的临床应用。此外，还将描述未来发现潜在新尿 cfNA 生物标志物的策略。
根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目，使用主要医学主题词在 PubMed 数据库（2006 年至今）中进行了搜索。通过交叉引用文献获得了其他研究。
GU 癌症尿 cfNA 的集体研究出版物与血液活检和尿液沉淀物相比，提出了一种很有前途的液体活检替代方法，特别是对于早期 GU 疾病。
尿 cfNA 作为液体活检具有成为血液活检和基于尿液沉淀物检测的更敏感替代方法的潜力，用于 GU 癌症的临床应用。尿 cfNA 不仅具有潜在的更频繁的检测、监测和家庭使用的优势，而且在早期 GU 癌症中也有应用。
在这篇综述中，我们评估了泌尿生殖系统癌症中细胞游离核酸的现状。我们确定了尿细胞游离核酸相对于血液和尿液沉淀物的潜在优势及其在泌尿生殖系统癌症中的临床应用。
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