Chen Yanan, Yang Zhiming, Shi Jingyun, Qiao Zhongwei
Department of Radiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, 507 Zhengmin Rd, Shanghai, 200082, China.
Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Rd, Shanghai, 201100, China.
Pediatr Radiol. 2023 Feb;53(2):265-272. doi: 10.1007/s00247-022-05486-5. Epub 2022 Aug 30.
Juvenile xanthogranuloma is rare in children and there are limited data on its imaging features.
To analyze the computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of juvenile xanthogranuloma in children.
A retrospective review was performed of clinical and radiographic data of histologically confirmed juvenile xanthogranuloma between January 2009 and June 2020.
Fourteen children (4 girls, 10 boys; age range: 1 day to 13 years, mean age: 73 months) were included in the study: 4/14 had CT only, 5/14 had MRI only and 5/14 had CT and MRI. Sites of extracutaneous juvenile xanthogranuloma involvement included subcutaneous soft tissue (8/14), liver (2/14), lungs (2/14), kidney (2/14), nose (2/14), pancreas (1/14), central nervous system (1/14) and greater omentum (1/14), mainly manifested as single or multiple nodules or masses in different organs. On CT, the lesions mainly manifested as an iso-hypo density mass with mild or marked enhancement. On MRI, the lesions mainly manifested as slightly hyperintense on T1 and slightly hypointense on T2, with decreased diffusivity and homogeneous enhancement. Juvenile xanthogranuloma was not included in the imaging differential diagnosis in any case.
Juvenile xanthogranuloma mainly manifests as single or multiple nodules or masses in different organs. Slight hyperintensity on T1 and slight hypointensity on T2 with decreased diffusivity and homogeneous enhancement are relatively characteristic imaging findings of juvenile xanthogranuloma. Combined with its typical skin lesions and imaging features, radiologists should include juvenile xanthogranuloma in the differential diagnosis when confronted with similar cases.
幼年性黄色肉芽肿在儿童中较为罕见，关于其影像学特征的数据有限。
分析儿童幼年性黄色肉芽肿的计算机断层扫描（CT）和磁共振成像（MRI）特征。
对2009年1月至2020年6月间经组织学证实的幼年性黄色肉芽肿的临床和影像学数据进行回顾性分析。
本研究纳入了14名儿童（4名女孩，10名男孩；年龄范围：1天至13岁，平均年龄：73个月）：14例中有4例仅行CT检查，5例仅行MRI检查，5例同时行CT和MRI检查。皮肤外幼年性黄色肉芽肿累及部位包括皮下软组织（14例中的8例）、肝脏（14例中的2例）、肺（14例中的2例）、肾脏（14例中的2例）、鼻子（14例中的2例）、胰腺（14例中的1例）、中枢神经系统（14例中的1例）和大网膜（14例中的1例），主要表现为不同器官内的单个或多个结节或肿块。CT上，病变主要表现为等低密度肿块，有轻度或明显强化。MRI上，病变主要表现为T1加权像上轻度高信号，T2加权像上轻度低信号，扩散受限，强化均匀。在任何病例中，幼年性黄色肉芽肿均未纳入影像学鉴别诊断。
幼年性黄色肉芽肿主要表现为不同器官内的单个或多个结节或肿块。T'1加权像上轻度高信号，T2加权像上轻度低信号，扩散受限，强化均匀是幼年性黄色肉芽肿相对特征性的影像学表现。结合其典型的皮肤病变和影像学特征，放射科医生在遇到类似病例时应将幼年性黄色肉芽肿纳入鉴别诊断。
