Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, 32610, Malaysia; Department of Civil Engineering, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, 32610, Malaysia.
Environ Res. 2022 Nov;214(Pt 4):114091. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114091. Epub 2022 Aug 27.
This study investigated the effectiveness of extended aeration system (EAS) and rice straw activated carbon-extended aeration system (RAC-EAS) in the treatment of pulp and paper biorefinery effluent (PPBE). RAC-EAS focused on the efficient utilization of lignocellulosic biomass waste (rice straw) as a biosorbent in the treatment process. The experiment was designed by response surface methodology (RSM) and conducted using a bioreactor that operated at 1-3 days hydraulic retention times (HRT) with PPBE concentrations at 20, 60 and 100%. The bioreactor was fed with real PPBE having initial ammonia-N and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations that varied between 11.74 and 59.02 mg/L and 31-161 mg/L, respectively. Findings from the optimized approach by RSM indicated 84.51% and 91.71% ammonia-N and 77.62% and 84.64% total phosphorus reduction in concentration for EAS and RAC-EAS, respectively, with high nitrification rate observed in both bioreactors. Kinetic model optimization indicated that modified stover models was the best suited and were statistically significant (R ≥ 0.98) in the analysis of substrate removal rates for ammonia-N and total phosphorus. Maximum nutrients elimination was attained at 60% PPBE and 48 h HRT. Therefore, the model can be utilized in the design and optimization of EAS and RAC-EAS systems and consequently in the prediction of bioreactor behavior.
本研究考察了扩展曝气系统（EAS）和水稻秸秆活性炭扩展曝气系统（RAC-EAS）在处理纸浆和造纸生物炼制厂废水（PPBE）中的效果。RAC-EAS 侧重于有效利用木质纤维素生物质废物（水稻秸秆）作为生物吸附剂在处理过程中。实验采用响应面法（RSM）设计，在生物反应器中进行，生物反应器的水力停留时间（HRT）为 1-3 天，PPBE 浓度为 20、60 和 100%。生物反应器进料为具有初始氨氮和总磷（TP）浓度在 11.74 和 59.02 mg/L 之间以及 31-161 mg/L 之间变化的实际 PPBE。RSM 优化方法的结果表明，EAS 和 RAC-EAS 的氨氮去除率分别为 84.51%和 91.71%，总磷去除率分别为 77.62%和 84.64%，两个生物反应器中均观察到高硝化速率。动力学模型优化表明，改进的秸秆模型是最合适的，并且在氨氮和总磷的底物去除率分析中具有统计学意义（R≥0.98）。最大营养物去除率在 60% PPBE 和 48 h HRT 时达到。因此，该模型可用于设计和优化 EAS 和 RAC-EAS 系统，并可用于预测生物反应器的行为。
