Wu Qiu-Tong, Liu Min, Li Shu-Hui, Gao Chan-Chan, Cao Shan-Shan, Su Ling, Zhang Shi-Qing
School of Ecological and Environment Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai 200241, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2022 Aug;33(8):2221-2228. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202208.023.
Black carbon (BC) is an important component of airborne fine particulate matter, with significant impacts on global climate change and human health. Taking Minhang District of Shanghai as the study area, a microaethalometer (MA200) and GPS were installed on the electric taxi to form a mobile observation platform to identify the spatial distribution and hot spots of atmospheric BC in urban environment. We analyzed the sources and influencing factors of BC. The results showed that the overall characteristics of the spatial distribution pattern of near surface atmospheric BC in Minhang District of Shanghai were high in the north and low in the south. The average BC concentration was (4.11±4.87) μg·m. The average concentrations of BC in working days and non-working days were (4.22±1.49) and (3.52±2.26) μg·m. The variability of BC concentration in the high value area was large, indicating that the increases of BC concentration in mobile observation were related to traffic accidents in the road section. In addition to human activities, large-scale dense vegetation might inhibit BC diffusion. The Absorption ngström Exponent (AAE) was (0.82±0.54), which was closer to that of fossil fuel combustion. The contributions of fossil fuel emissions, biomass combustion, and mixed sources to BC sources were 67.5%, 4.9% and 27.6%, respectively.
黑碳（BC）是大气细颗粒物的重要组成部分，对全球气候变化和人类健康具有重大影响。以上海市闵行区为研究区域，在电动出租车上安装了一台微型黑碳仪（MA200）和全球定位系统（GPS），形成一个移动观测平台，以识别城市环境中大气黑碳的空间分布和热点区域。我们分析了黑碳的来源及影响因素。结果表明，上海市闵行区近地面大气黑碳空间分布格局的总体特征是北高南低。黑碳平均浓度为（4.11±4.87）μg·m⁻³。工作日和非工作日的黑碳平均浓度分别为（4.22±1.49）和（3.52±2.26）μg·m⁻³。高值区域黑碳浓度的变异性较大，表明移动观测中黑碳浓度的增加与路段交通事故有关。除人类活动外，大规模密集植被可能会抑制黑碳扩散。吸收Ångström指数（AAE）为（0.82±0.54），更接近化石燃料燃烧的情况。化石燃料排放、生物质燃烧和混合源对黑碳来源的贡献分别为67.5%、4.9%和27.6%。
