Kempski Jan, Huber Samuel
I. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Zentrum für Innere Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland.
Inn Med (Heidelb). 2022 Oct;63(10):1022-1027. doi: 10.1007/s00108-022-01396-8. Epub 2022 Aug 31.
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are systemic diseases that mainly manifest in the gastrointestinal tract. Due to chronically impaired intestinal homeostasis, they often require permanent and in some cases systemic therapy. The exact causes of IBD are largely unknown. It is postulated that these complex diseases arise in genetically susceptible individuals through a misdirected immune response, promoted by barrier defects, environmental toxins, and the gut microbiome. In this regard, the importance of the microbiome and its pathogenic changes (dysbiosis) in the pathogenesis of IBD is increasingly coming into focus. This review article presents the current state of research on the role of the microbiome in the development of IBD. Therapeutic approaches aimed at correcting intestinal dysbiosis are also discussed.
炎症性肠病（IBD）是主要表现在胃肠道的全身性疾病。由于肠道稳态长期受损，它们通常需要长期治疗，在某些情况下还需要全身治疗。IBD的确切病因在很大程度上尚不清楚。据推测，这些复杂疾病在遗传易感个体中通过由屏障缺陷、环境毒素和肠道微生物群促进的错误定向免疫反应而产生。在这方面，微生物群及其致病性变化（生态失调）在IBD发病机制中的重要性日益受到关注。这篇综述文章介绍了微生物群在IBD发生发展中作用的研究现状。还讨论了旨在纠正肠道生态失调的治疗方法。
