Shahzadi Iram, Ali Zain, Bukhari Sidra, Narula Acharan S, Mirza Bushra, Mohammadinejad Reza
Plant Molecular Biology Lab, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Quaid i Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
Molecular Cancer Therapeutics Lab, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Quaid i Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
Explor Target Antitumor Ther. 2020;1(4):218-238. doi: 10.37349/etat.2020.00014. Epub 2020 Aug 31.
Cancer is the second death causing disease worldwide after cardiovascular abnormalities. The difficulty in treating tumor cells with more precise targeted interventions and recurrence of cancer after treatment may pose great difficulty in developing sustainable therapeutic regimens. These limitations have prompted the need to explore several compounds with ability to cease tumor growth while at the same time induce apoptosis of tumor cells. Several studies have emphasized the use of natural compounds as antitumor agents due to their high efficacy against cancer cells and low toxicity in normal cells. Salvianolic acid B (SAB), a naturally occurring phenolic compound extracted from the radix of Chinese herb can induce apoptosis in different types of tumor cells. It can be used to treat cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders, hepatic fibrosis, and cancers. Several studies have shown that SAB can mitigate tumorigenesis by modulating MAPK, PI3K/AKT, and NF-ĸB signaling pathways. It also sensitizes the tumor cells to different anti-cancer agents by reversing the multi-drug resistance mechanisms found in tumor cells. This review summarizes the studies showing antitumor potential of SAB in different types of cancer cell lines, animal models and highlights the possible mechanisms through which SAB can induce apoptosis, inhibit growth and metastasis in tumor cells. Moreover, the possible role of nano-technological approaches to induce targeted delivery of SAB to eradicate tumor cells has been also discussed.
癌症是全球仅次于心血管异常的第二大致死性疾病。采用更精确的靶向干预措施治疗肿瘤细胞存在困难，且癌症治疗后会复发，这可能给制定可持续的治疗方案带来巨大困难。这些局限性促使人们去探索几种能够抑制肿瘤生长同时诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡的化合物。多项研究强调使用天然化合物作为抗肿瘤药物，因为它们对癌细胞具有高效性且对正常细胞毒性低。丹酚酸B（SAB）是一种从中药材根部提取的天然酚类化合物，可诱导不同类型的肿瘤细胞凋亡。它可用于治疗心血管和神经退行性疾病、肝纤维化及癌症。多项研究表明，SAB可通过调节丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）、磷脂酰肌醇-3-激酶/蛋白激酶B（PI3K/AKT）和核因子κB（NF-κB）信号通路来减轻肿瘤发生。它还通过逆转肿瘤细胞中发现的多药耐药机制，使肿瘤细胞对不同的抗癌药物敏感。本综述总结了显示SAB在不同类型癌细胞系和动物模型中具有抗肿瘤潜力的研究，并强调了SAB诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡、抑制生长和转移的可能机制。此外，还讨论了纳米技术方法在诱导SAB靶向递送以根除肿瘤细胞方面的可能作用。
