College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2022 Oct;19(5):301-311. doi: 10.1007/s11904-022-00619-9. Epub 2022 Sep 1.
Persistent stigma remains a crucial barrier to HIV prevention and treatment services among people who use drugs (PWUD), particularly for those living with or at-risk for HIV. This scoping review examines the current state of science with regard to approaches for measuring and addressing stigma within HIV interventions among PWUD.
Sixteen studies fit the inclusion criteria for this review. Half the studies originated within the USA, and the remaining represented four different regions. Within these studies, stigma was measured using various quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods. The studies primarily focused on HIV stigma, including value-based judgments, anticipated stigma, and perceived stigma domains. Information-based and skills building approaches at the individual level were the most common for the stigma reduction interventions. Adoption of systematic evaluations is needed for measuring stigma, including intersectional stigma, within HIV interventions among PWUD. Future studies should focus on developing multilevel intersectional stigma reduction interventions for PWUD with and at-risk for HIV globally.
目的综述：持续性污名仍然是吸毒者（PWUD）获得 HIV 预防和治疗服务的一个重要障碍，尤其是对那些已经感染或有感染风险的人来说。本范围综述探讨了当前在针对 PWUD 的 HIV 干预措施中衡量和解决污名问题的方法。
最新发现：有 16 项研究符合本综述的纳入标准。其中一半的研究来自美国，其余的则来自四个不同的地区。在这些研究中，污名是通过各种定量、定性和混合方法来衡量的。这些研究主要集中在 HIV 污名上，包括基于价值的判断、预期污名和感知污名领域。以个体为基础的信息和技能培养方法是减少污名的最常见方法。在针对 PWUD 的 HIV 干预措施中，需要采用系统评估来衡量污名，包括交叉污名。未来的研究应着眼于为全球有和有感染 HIV 风险的 PWUD 制定多层次的交叉污名减少干预措施。
