Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
Life Sci. 2022 Nov 1;308:120923. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120923. Epub 2022 Aug 29.
The endocytosis mechanism is a complicated system that is essential for cell signaling and survival. Megalin, a membrane-associated endocytic receptor, and its related proteins such as cubilin, the neonatal Fc receptor for IgG, and NaPi-IIa are important in receptors-mediated endocytosis. Physiologically, megalin uptakes plasma vitamins and proteins from primary urine, preventing their loss. It also facilitates tubular retrieval of solutes and endogenous components that may be involved in modulation and recovery from kidney injuries. Moreover, megalin is responsible for endocytosis of xenobiotics and drugs in renal tubules, increasing their half-life and/or their toxicity. Fluctuations in megalin expression and/or functionality due to changes in its regulatory mechanisms are associated with some sort of kidney injury. Also, it's an important component of several pathological conditions, including diabetic nephropathy and Dent disease. Thus, exploring the fundamental role of megalin in the kidney might help in the protection and/or treatment of multiple kidney-related diseases. Hence, this review aimed to explore the physiological roles of megalin in the kidney and their implications for kidney-related injuries.
内吞作用机制是细胞信号转导和存活所必需的复杂系统。巨球蛋白，一种膜相关的内吞受体，及其相关蛋白，如内因子受体、新生儿 IgG Fc 受体和 NaPi-IIa，在受体介导的内吞作用中很重要。在生理上，巨球蛋白从原尿中摄取血浆中的维生素和蛋白质，防止它们丢失。它还促进溶质和内源性成分的管状回收，这些成分可能参与肾脏损伤的调节和恢复。此外，巨球蛋白负责在肾小管中摄取外源性物质和药物，增加其半衰期和/或毒性。由于其调节机制的变化，巨球蛋白表达和/或功能的波动与某些类型的肾脏损伤有关。此外，它还是几种病理状况的重要组成部分，包括糖尿病肾病和 Dent 病。因此，探索巨球蛋白在肾脏中的基本作用可能有助于保护和/或治疗多种与肾脏相关的疾病。因此，本综述旨在探讨巨球蛋白在肾脏中的生理作用及其对肾脏相关损伤的影响。
