Dew M A, Bromet E J, Schulberg H C
Am J Community Psychol. 1987 Apr;15(2):167-84. doi: 10.1007/BF00919277.
The investigation directly compared the long-term mental health consequences of two community-wide stressors, the Three Mile Island (TMI) nuclear accident and widespread unemployment due to layoff, in demographically comparable samples of women. Results showed a marked degree of similarity in the stressors' effects: Levels of subclinical symptomatology were elevated to similar degrees in each sample during the year following stressor onset, and symptom levels remained elevated in each sample 2 to 3 1/2 years later. Moreover, variables identified as predictors of enduring psychological distress were virtually identical for the two samples. Additional analyses revealed that the mental health status of unemployed husbands mediated the negative psychological effects of layoff on their wives. Implications of these results for understanding the long-term consequences of exposure to community-wide stress are discussed.
该调查直接比较了三里岛（TMI）核事故和因裁员导致的广泛失业这两种社区层面压力源对人口统计学特征相似的女性样本的长期心理健康影响。结果显示，这些压力源的影响存在显著程度的相似性：在压力源出现后的一年内，每个样本中亚临床症状的水平都升高到了相似程度，并且在2至3年半后，每个样本中的症状水平仍保持升高。此外，被确定为持久心理困扰预测因素的变量在两个样本中几乎相同。进一步分析表明，失业丈夫的心理健康状况介导了裁员对其妻子的负面心理影响。文中讨论了这些结果对于理解接触社区层面压力的长期后果的意义。
