Sresto Mizbah Ahmed, Siddika Sharmin, Fattah Md Abdul, Morshed Syed Riad, Morshed Md Manjur
Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Khulna, 9203, Bangladesh.
Heliyon. 2022 Aug 18;8(8):e10309. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10309. eCollection 2022 Aug.
Rapid urbanization has induced land use and land cover change (LULC) that increases land surface temperature (LST). Analyzing seasonal variations of LULC and LST is a precondition for mitigating heat island effects and promoting a sustainable living environment. The objective of this study is to explore the association between the seasonal LST dynamics and LULC indices for the Dhaka district of Bangladesh. The LULC indices are comprised of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI), Normalized Difference Bareness Index (NDBAI), and Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI). The results show that the LULC effect on LST in Dhaka is significant, with an increase in summer season LST from 34.58 °C to 37.66 °C and in winter season LST from 24.710C to 26.24 °C. Predictably, the highest and lowest LST values were observed in the built-up and vegetation-covered areas, respectively. Secondly, the correlation values indicate a significant inverse correlation (R > 0.50) between NDVI and LST, as well as MNDWI and LST. On the contrary, positive correlations were observed between NDBI and LST, and between NDBAI and LST for both the summer and winter seasons. Finally, subsequent vegetation decline (-69.34%) and increasing built-up area (+11.30%) between 2000 and 2020 in Dhaka district were found to be the most significant factors for the increasing trend and spatial heterogeneity of LST in Dhaka. The methodological approach of this study offers a low-cost efficient technique for monitoring LST hotspots, which can guide land use planners and urban managers for spatial intervention to ensure a livable environment.
快速城市化引发了土地利用和土地覆盖变化（LULC），进而导致地表温度（LST）升高。分析LULC和LST的季节变化是缓解热岛效应和促进可持续生活环境的前提条件。本研究的目的是探讨孟加拉国达卡地区季节性LST动态与LULC指数之间的关联。LULC指数包括归一化植被指数（NDVI）、归一化建筑指数（NDBI）、归一化裸地指数（NDBAI）和改进的归一化水体指数（MNDWI）。结果表明，达卡地区LULC对LST的影响显著，夏季LST从34.58℃升高到37.66℃，冬季LST从24.71℃升高到26.24℃。可以预见，LST最高值和最低值分别出现在建成区和植被覆盖区。其次，相关值表明NDVI与LST以及MNDWI与LST之间存在显著负相关（R>0.50）。相反，夏季和冬季NDBI与LST之间以及NDBAI与LST之间均呈正相关。最后，研究发现2000年至2020年间达卡地区植被面积减少（-69.34%）和建成区面积增加（+11.30%）是达卡地区LST上升趋势和空间异质性的最重要因素。本研究的方法提供了一种低成本的有效技术来监测LST热点，可为土地利用规划者和城市管理者进行空间干预以确保宜居环境提供指导。
