Gupta Kamakshi, Kaur Navneet, Kaur Gurpreet
Department of Periodontics, National Dental College and Hospital, Derabassi, Mohali, IND.
Department of Periodontics and Implantology, National Dental College and Hospital, Derabassi, Mohali, IND.
Cureus. 2022 Jul 29;14(7):e27440. doi: 10.7759/cureus.27440. eCollection 2022 Jul.
Periodontitis has been associated with several medical conditions. For some of these medical conditions, periodontitis has been hypothesized to share important pathogenic mechanisms with other systemic conditions affecting the body. Recently, advances in technology have led to the identification of novel inflammatory mediators implicated in some chronic medical conditions associated with periodontitis. The potential identification of these systemic inflammatory mediators in periodontitis would offer additional support to the potential periodontal-systemic disease association. In recent years, the term oral foci of infection has attained an upturn in terms of systemic morbidities, while finite scrutinization indicates the implication of chronic oral inflammation in the pathogenesis of eye diseases. Initially, there is a singularity for the mechanistic understanding of the reported link between periodontal diseases and ocular comorbidities. There is a limited number of scientific evidence in the literature that suggests a relationship between glaucoma and periodontitis, and they share a common pathway/link based on inflammatory markers. Based on a molecular biological technique, it was believed by researchers and clinicians that eye diseases were a result of oral infections. Furthermore, this review will try to focus on the concept of oral dysbiosis in the progression of inflammatory eye diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, scleritis, uveitis, glaucoma, and age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
牙周炎与多种医学状况相关。对于其中一些医学状况，有人提出牙周炎与影响身体的其他全身性疾病具有重要的致病机制。最近，技术进步使得人们能够识别出与某些与牙周炎相关的慢性医学状况有关的新型炎症介质。在牙周炎中潜在识别出这些全身性炎症介质将为牙周-全身疾病潜在关联提供更多支持。近年来，感染性口腔病灶这一术语在全身性疾病方面受到更多关注，而深入研究表明慢性口腔炎症与眼部疾病的发病机制有关。最初，对于牙周疾病与眼部合并症之间报道的联系，其机制理解较为单一。文献中仅有有限的科学证据表明青光眼与牙周炎之间存在关联，且基于炎症标志物它们有共同的途径/联系。基于分子生物学技术，研究人员和临床医生曾认为眼部疾病是口腔感染的结果。此外，本综述将试图聚焦于口腔微生物群落失调在糖尿病性视网膜病变、巩膜炎、葡萄膜炎、青光眼和年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）等炎症性眼部疾病进展中的概念。
