Silvani Marcia Ines, Werder Robert, Perret Claudio
Faculty of Medicine, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland.
Institute of Sports Medicine, Swiss Paraplegic Centre, Nottwil, Switzerland.
Front Physiol. 2022 Aug 16;13:943108. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.943108. eCollection 2022.
Blue light from electronic devices has a bad reputation. It has a wavelength which may influence our circadian rhythm and cause bad sleep. But there are other aspects of blue light exposure which are often overlooked, for example, it may influence performance and wellbeing. However, few resources summarize its effects systematically. Therefore, the goal of this systematic review was to distil the present evidence on blue light exposure and its influence on sleep, performance and wellbeing and discuss its significance for athletes. The databases that were searched were Cochrane, Embase, Pubmed, Scopus, and Virtual Health Library. The studies included investigated the influence of blue light exposure on either sleep, performance, wellbeing or a combination of those parameters on healthy humans. Quality assessment was done based on the quantitative assessment tool "QualSyst." Summarizing the influence of blue light exposure, the following results were found (expressed as proportion to the number of studies investigating the particular parameter): Fifty percent of studies found tiredness to be decreased. One fifth of studies found sleep quality to be decreased and one third found sleep duration to be decreased. Half of the studies found sleep efficacy to be decreased and slightly less than half found sleep latency to be increased. More than one half of the studies found cognitive performance to be increased. Slightly more than two thirds found alertness to be increased and reaction time to be decreased. Slightly less than half of the studies found wellbeing to be increased. Blue light exposure can positively affect cognitive performance, alertness, and reaction time. This might benefit sports reliant on team-work and decision-making and may help prevent injury. Blue light might also have negative effects such as the decrease in sleep quality and sleep duration, which might worsen an athlete's physical and cognitive performance and recovery. Further research should explore if blue light can improve sleep, performance and wellbeing to significantly benefit athletic performance.
电子设备发出的蓝光名声不佳。它的波长可能会影响我们的昼夜节律并导致睡眠质量差。但蓝光照射还有其他一些常常被忽视的方面，例如，它可能会影响表现和幸福感。然而，很少有资料系统地总结其影响。因此，本系统综述的目的是提炼目前关于蓝光照射及其对睡眠、表现和幸福感影响的证据，并讨论其对运动员的意义。所检索的数据库有考克兰图书馆、Embase、PubMed、Scopus和虚拟健康图书馆。纳入的研究调查了蓝光照射对健康人的睡眠、表现、幸福感或这些参数组合的影响。质量评估是基于定量评估工具“QualSyst”进行的。总结蓝光照射的影响，发现了以下结果（以调查特定参数的研究数量的比例表示）：50%的研究发现疲劳感有所减轻。五分之一的研究发现睡眠质量下降，三分之一的研究发现睡眠时间缩短。一半的研究发现睡眠效率下降，略少于一半的研究发现睡眠潜伏期延长。超过一半的研究发现认知表现有所提高。略多于三分之二的研究发现警觉性提高，反应时间缩短。略少于一半的研究发现幸福感有所提高。蓝光照射可以对认知表现、警觉性和反应时间产生积极影响。这可能有利于依赖团队合作和决策的运动项目，并有助于预防受伤。蓝光也可能有负面影响，如睡眠质量和睡眠时间的下降，这可能会使运动员的身体和认知表现以及恢复情况恶化。进一步的研究应该探索蓝光是否可以改善睡眠、表现和幸福感，从而显著有益于运动表现。
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