Souissi Mohamed Abdelkader, Gouasmia Chadha, Dergaa Ismail, Faleh Jihed, Trabelsi Omar, Weiss Katja, Rosemann Thomas, Dhahbi Wissem, Souissi Nizar, Knechtle Beat
Physical Activity, Sport and Health Research Unit, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia.
High Institute of Sport and Physical Education Gafsa, Gafsa University, Gafsa, Tunisia.
Biol Sport. 2025 Jan 20;42(3):61-68. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2025.146787. eCollection 2025 Jul.
Evening exposure to blue light has been shown to negatively affect sleep patterns and cognitive function. However, the effect of the specific timing of blue light exposure on motor performance and sleep quality in adolescent athletes remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the impact of evening blue light exposure (BLE) timing on sleep quality, motor performance, and cognitive function in young athletes with intermediate chronotypes. Sixteen male adolescent athletes (age: 15.11 ± 0.92 years, body height: 168.25 ± 7.09 cm, body-mass: 59.49 ± 5.63 kg) participated in a randomized, crossover study with four conditions: BLE from (i) 7: 30-9: 00 PM, (ii) 9: 00-10: 30 PM, (iii) 10: 30 PM-12: 00 AM, and (iv) control (no BLE). Sleep quality and quantity were evaluated using the Spiegel and Vis-Morgen questionnaires. Selective attention was assessed using the Bells Test, while motor function was tested by dart-throwing accuracy and movement duration. ANOVA indicated substantial main effects of BLE timing on sleep metrics, motor performance, and cognitive function. Total sleep duration was markedly shorter in the 9: 00-10: 30 PM and 10: 30 PM-12: 00 AM conditions relative to the control (p < 0.001, d = 0.54 [medium] and d = 0.87 [large], respectively) and the 7: 30-9: 00 PM condition (p < 0.05, d = 0.28 [small] and p < 0.001, d = 0.56 [medium], respectively). Dart-throwing accuracy was significantly lower in the 9: 00-10: 30 PM and 10: 30 PM-12: 00 AM conditions versus the control (p < 0.002, d = 0.77 [medium]) and p < 0.001, d = 1.41 [large], respectively). Movement duration was significantly longer in these conditions compared to the control (p < 0.001, d = 1.75 [large] and d = 1.51 [large], respectively) and 7: 30-9: 00 PM condition (p < 0.01, d = 1.38 [large] and p = 0.002, d = 1.17 [large], respectively). Selective attention was significantly lower in the 9: 00-10: 30 PM and 10: 30 PM-12: 00 AM conditions compared to the control (p = 0.003, d = 0.66 [medium] and p < 0.001, d = 0.91 [large], respectively). Evening BLE, especially after 9: 00 PM, adversely affects sleep quality, motor performance, and cognitive function in young athletes. These findings underscore the necessity of reducing BLE in the evening to enhance sports performance, optimize training and recovery, and facilitate motor learning for skill development.
研究表明，夜间接触蓝光会对睡眠模式和认知功能产生负面影响。然而，蓝光暴露的具体时间对青少年运动员运动表现和睡眠质量的影响仍不明确。本研究旨在调查夜间蓝光暴露（BLE）时间对具有中度昼夜节律类型的年轻运动员睡眠质量、运动表现和认知功能的影响。16名男性青少年运动员（年龄：15.11±0.92岁，身高：168.25±7.09厘米，体重：59.49±5.63千克）参与了一项随机交叉研究，该研究有四种条件：（i）晚上7:30 - 9:00的BLE，（ii）晚上9:00 - 10:30的BLE，（iii）晚上10:30 - 12:00的BLE，以及（iv）对照（无BLE）。使用Spiegel和Vis - Morgen问卷评估睡眠质量和数量。使用Bells测试评估选择性注意力，同时通过掷镖准确性和动作持续时间测试运动功能。方差分析表明，BLE时间对睡眠指标、运动表现和认知功能有显著的主要影响。与对照组相比，晚上9:00 - 10:30和晚上10:30 - 12:00条件下的总睡眠时间明显缩短（分别为p < 0.001，d = 0.54[中等]和d = 0.87[大]）以及晚上7:30 - 9:00条件下（分别为p < 0.05，d = 0.28[小]和p < 0.001，d = 0.56[中等]）。与对照组相比，晚上9:00 - 10:30和晚上10:30 - 12:00条件下的掷镖准确性显著降低（分别为p < 0.002，d = 0.77[中等]和p < 0.001，d = 1.41[大]）。与对照组相比，这些条件下的动作持续时间明显更长（分别为p < 0.001，d = 1.75[大]和d = 1.51[大]）以及晚上7:30 - 9:00条件下（分别为p < 0.01，d = 1.38[大]和p = 0.002，d = 1.17[大]）。与对照组相比，晚上9:00 - 10:30和晚上10:30 - 12:00条件下的选择性注意力显著降低（分别为p = 0.003，d = 0.66[中等]和p < 0.001，d = 0.91[大]）。夜间BLE，尤其是晚上9:00之后，会对年轻运动员的睡眠质量、运动表现和认知功能产生不利影响。这些发现强调了减少夜间BLE以提高运动表现、优化训练和恢复以及促进运动学习以发展技能的必要性。
