Danielsbacka Mirkka, Křenková Lenka, Tanskanen Antti O
Department of Social Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Department of Demography and Geodemography, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
Eur J Ageing. 2022 Jan 4;19(3):341-368. doi: 10.1007/s10433-021-00674-y. eCollection 2022 Sep.
Whether grandparenting is associated with improved health or well-being among older adults is a salient question in present-day aging societies. This systematic review compiles studies that consider the health or well-being outcomes of grandparenting, concerning (1) custodial grandparent families, where grandparents are raising grandchildren without parental presence; (2) three-generation households, where grandparents are living with adult children and grandchildren; and (3) non-coresiding grandparents, who are involved in the lives of their grandchildren. Review was based on literature searches conducted in September 2019 via Web of Science, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Ebsco. We screened 3868 abstracts across four databases, and by following the PRISMA guidelines, we identified 92 relevant articles (117 studies) that were published between 1978 and 2019. In 68% of cases, custodial grandparenting was associated with decreased health or well-being of grandparents. The few studies considering the health or well-being of grandparents living in three-generation households provided mixed findings (39% positive; 39% negative). Finally, in 69% of cases, involvement of non-coresiding grandparents was associated with improved grandparental outcomes; however, there was only limited support for the prediction that involved grandparenting being causally associated with grandparental health or well-being. Despite this, after different robustness checks (counting all nonsignificant results, taking into account the representativeness of the data and causal methodology), the main finding remains the same: the most negative results are found among custodial grandparents and three-generation households and most positive results among non-coresiding grandparents.
在当今老龄化社会中，祖父母角色是否与老年人健康状况改善或幸福感提升相关是一个突出问题。本系统综述汇集了有关祖父母角色对健康或幸福影响的研究，涉及以下三种情况：（1）监护祖父母家庭，即祖父母在没有父母陪伴的情况下抚养孙辈；（2）三代同堂家庭，即祖父母与成年子女及孙辈共同生活；（3）非同住祖父母，即参与孙辈生活的祖父母。综述基于2019年9月通过科学网、PubMed、PsycINFO和Ebsco进行的文献检索。我们在四个数据库中筛选了3868篇摘要，并按照PRISMA指南，确定了1978年至2019年间发表的92篇相关文章（117项研究）。在68%的案例中，监护祖父母角色与祖父母健康状况下降或幸福感降低相关。少数关于三代同堂家庭中祖父母健康或幸福状况的研究结果不一（39%为正面；39%为负面）。最后，在69%的案例中，非同住祖父母的参与与祖父母状况改善相关；然而，关于参与祖父母角色与祖父母健康或幸福存在因果关系这一预测，仅有有限的支持证据。尽管如此，在进行不同的稳健性检验（将所有无显著结果纳入计算，考虑数据的代表性和因果方法）后，主要发现仍然相同：监护祖父母和三代同堂家庭的结果最负面，非同住祖父母的结果最正面。
