Hayslip B, Shore R J, Henderson C E, Lambert P L
Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, USA.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 1998 May;53(3):S164-73. doi: 10.1093/geronb/53b.3.s164.
This study compared three groups of grandparents, attempting to disentangle grandparental role demands from child-specific problems as sources of role-specific and grandchild-relationship distress. Those grandparents raising grandchildren reported to demonstrate neurological, physical, emotional, or behavioral problems exhibited the most personal distress, the least role satisfaction and role meaning, and the most deteriorated grandparent-grandchild relationships. Custodial grandparents raising grandchildren reported to have few difficulties also differed in the ways listed above from those grandparents not raising their grandchildren and from those raising grandchildren displaying problems. For men, but not women, more positive grandparent meaning was associated with raising a grandchild. Significantly, custodial grandparents were more likely to be raising boys, suggesting that boys may be either more difficult for grandparents to raise or that boys react more negatively to the adverse circumstances under which grandparents assume care.
本研究比较了三组祖父母，试图将祖父母角色需求与特定于孩子的问题区分开来，这些问题是导致特定角色和祖孙关系困扰的根源。那些抚养孙辈的祖父母报告称，孙辈存在神经、身体、情感或行为问题，他们表现出的个人困扰最多，角色满意度和角色意义最低，祖孙关系恶化程度最高。报告称抚养孙辈几乎没有困难的监护祖父母在上述方面也与那些不抚养孙辈的祖父母以及抚养有问题孙辈的祖父母有所不同。对于男性而非女性来说，更积极的祖父母角色意义与抚养孙辈有关。值得注意的是，监护祖父母更有可能抚养男孩，这表明男孩可能对祖父母来说更难抚养，或者男孩对祖父母承担照顾责任时的不利环境反应更消极。
