INSERM, Population-Based Epidemiological Cohorts Unit, UMS 011, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Bâtiment 15/16, 16 avenue Paul Vaillant-Couturier, 94807, Villejuif, France.
AP-HP, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, DMU Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Service de Psychiatrie de l'adulte, INSERM, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris (IPNP), UMR_S1266, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2023 Feb;58(2):249-266. doi: 10.1007/s00127-022-02357-0. Epub 2022 Sep 2.
To examine prospectively associations between substance use and subsequent employment among young students.
From the French population-based CONSTANCES cohort, 1427 students who never worked were included between 2012 and 2018 and followed up for 2.1 years on average. Generalized estimating equations computed the odds of being unemployed versus employed according to substance use at baseline controlling for sociodemographic factors and depressive state. Tobacco use (smoking status and number of cigarettes), cannabis use frequency, and at-risk alcohol use according to the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (total score > 7) were introduced separately in the models.
Tobacco use was not significantly associated with employment. Cannabis use at least weekly was associated with increased odds of being unemployed OR 1.73 (1.16-2.57). At-risk alcohol use was no longer significantly associated with employment after adjustment for depressive state, while analyses on sub-scores of alcohol use suggested that alcohol dependence was associated with increased odds of being unemployed OR 1.65 (1.16-2.34).
Public health campaigns targeting youth should include lower chances of getting employed among the detrimental roles of regular cannabis use and at-risk alcohol use.
前瞻性地研究物质使用与青年学生随后就业之间的关系。
从法国基于人群的 CONSTANCES 队列中，纳入了 2012 年至 2018 年间从未工作过的 1427 名学生，并平均随访 2.1 年。广义估计方程根据基线时的物质使用情况，计算了失业与就业的比值，同时控制了社会人口因素和抑郁状态。吸烟状况和香烟数量的烟草使用、大麻使用频率以及根据酒精使用障碍识别测试（总分>7）的风险性饮酒分别单独纳入模型。
烟草使用与就业无关。每周至少使用一次大麻与失业的几率增加有关，比值比为 1.73（1.16-2.57）。调整抑郁状态后，风险性饮酒与就业不再显著相关，而对酒精使用的子评分分析表明，酒精依赖与失业的几率增加有关，比值比为 1.65（1.16-2.34）。
针对青年的公共卫生运动应将定期使用大麻和风险性饮酒的不利影响纳入到就业机会减少的因素中。
