Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anjora, Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India.
Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anjora, Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India.
Lett Appl Microbiol. 2022 Dec;75(6):1579-1589. doi: 10.1111/lam.13825. Epub 2022 Sep 12.
The present study evaluated the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of methanolic extract of Hemidesmus indicus root (MHIR) in combination with amoxicillin and clindamycin against biofilm-forming methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from milk samples of mastitic cows. Microdilution susceptibility testing and microtitre plate assays were used to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of MHIR and antibiotic combinations against MRSA (n = 12). Furthermore, in vitro findings were validated in a murine model. Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration of amoxicillin and clindamycin in combination with MHIR were significantly (P < 0·05) lower than when used alone against MRSA. In terms of antibacterial activity, MHIR showed additive interaction (fractional inhibitory concentration >0·5-4) with amoxicillin and clindamycin against all the MRSA isolates, whereas MHIR synergizes (fractional biofilm inhibitory concentration ≤0·5) the antibiofilm activity of amoxicillin and clindamycin against 58·33% and 83·33% of the MRSA isolates respectively. Amoxicillin/clindamycin in combination with MHIR significantly (P < 0·05) reduced disease activity score, and bacterial load and Gram-positive spots in kidney and liver of MRSA-infected mice. The combined efficacy of MHIR and amoxicillin/clindamycin was comparable to clindamycin alone but superior to amoxicillin alone. Hence, the combination of MHIR with amoxicillin/clindamycin is advocated in the treatment of MRSA-associated infections.
本研究评估了从乳腺炎奶牛乳样中分离的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）的甲醇提取物 Hemidesmus indicus 根（MHIR）与阿莫西林和克林霉素联合使用的抗菌和抗生物膜活性。采用微量稀释药敏试验和微量滴定板测定法评估 MHIR 与抗生素联合治疗 MRSA 的体外疗效（n=12）。此外，还在小鼠模型中验证了体外发现。与单独使用阿莫西林和克林霉素相比，MHIR 与阿莫西林和克林霉素联合使用时，对 MRSA 的最低抑菌浓度和最低生物膜抑制浓度显著降低（P<0·05）。在抗菌活性方面，MHIR 对所有 MRSA 分离株与阿莫西林和克林霉素均表现出相加作用（部分抑菌浓度>0·5-4），而 MHIR 则协同作用（部分生物膜抑制浓度≤0·5）阿莫西林和克林霉素对 58·33%和 83·33%的 MRSA 分离株的抗生物膜活性。阿莫西林/克林霉素联合 MHIR 可显著降低（P<0·05）MRSA 感染小鼠的疾病活动评分、肾脏和肝脏中的细菌载量和革兰氏阳性斑点。MHIR 与阿莫西林/克林霉素的联合疗效与克林霉素相当，但优于单独使用阿莫西林。因此，建议在治疗 MRSA 相关感染时将 MHIR 与阿莫西林/克林霉素联合使用。
