Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Álvaro Cunqueiro Hospital of Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain.
Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech. 2022;89(4):252-259.
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The purpose of this study was to conduct an epidemiological study of hand fractures in adult population. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective observational study in a population of 470,000 habitants was performed. Over the course of three years, all patients over 16 years of age who were diagnosed with fracture or fracture-dislocation at the level of a carpal bone, metacarpal and/or phalange were included. These fractures were classified according to the International Classification of Diseases 10th edition (ICD-10). Incidence rates, along with gender and age distribution were also studied. RESULTS 1,267 patients with a total of 1,341 hand fractures were included. They represented 29.7% of all upper limb fractures and 7.6% of all traumatological emergencies involving a bone fracture during that period. The most frequent ICD-10 group was S62.3, with the fifth metacarpal as the most often affected bone (39.7%). The most frequent location at the level of the phalanges (S62.5) was the proximal third of the proximal phalanx of the fifth radius. The global incidence rate was 99 fractures per 100,000 persons/year. No seasonal variation was observed. Only 10.2% of hand fractures received surgical treatment. DISCUSSION Several epidemiological studies have been published on fractures in the hand, but none have used the ICD-10 classification. Although the distribution of our stratified sample by age and gender was similar to those previously published, the incidence rate in our study was much lower. We may possibly extrapolate our results to the rest of the Spanish population and even to the rest of the population of southern Europe, given the scarcity of epidemiological studies on this matter in these geographical areas. CONCLUSIONS The ICD-10 classification is useful for the description and classification of hand fractures. The most often affected group is that including metacarpals of the long fingers (S62.3), being the distal level of the fifth metacarpal in young male patients the most frequent one. Most fractures are treated conservatively and in case of surgical treatment, the preferred surgical techniques include K-wire fixation, interfragmentary compression screws and plate osteosynthesis. Key words: epidemiology, incidence, fracture, fracture dislocation, carpal bones, metacarpals, finger phalanges.
本研究旨在对成年人群手部骨折进行流行病学研究。
对 47 万居民进行了回顾性观察性研究。在三年的时间里，所有年龄在 16 岁以上的被诊断为腕骨、掌骨和/或指骨骨折或骨折脱位的患者均被纳入研究。这些骨折根据国际疾病分类第 10 版（ICD-10）进行分类。还研究了发病率以及性别和年龄分布。
共纳入 1267 例患者，总计 1341 例手部骨折。它们占所有上肢骨折的 29.7%，也是该期间涉及骨骨折的所有创伤急症的 7.6%。最常见的 ICD-10 组为 S62.3，最常受累的骨为第五掌骨（39.7%）。指骨中最常见的部位（S62.5）是第五掌骨近节基底部的近三分之一。总体发病率为每 10 万人/年 99 例骨折。未观察到季节性变化。仅 10.2%的手部骨折接受了手术治疗。
已经发表了一些关于手部骨折的流行病学研究，但都没有使用 ICD-10 分类。尽管我们按年龄和性别分层的样本分布与以前发表的研究相似，但我们的研究发病率要低得多。鉴于在这些地理区域，关于这方面的流行病学研究很少，我们可能可以将我们的结果推断到西班牙其他地区，甚至推断到南欧其他地区。
ICD-10 分类可用于描述和分类手部骨折。最常受累的组是包括长指掌骨的组（S62.3），在年轻男性患者中，第五掌骨的远端水平是最常见的。大多数骨折采用保守治疗，如果需要手术治疗，首选的手术技术包括 K 线固定、骨间加压螺钉和钢板内固定。
流行病学、发病率、骨折、骨折脱位、腕骨、掌骨、指骨。
