Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan, ROC.
Division of Basic Chinese Medicine, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, 155-1, Li-Nong Street, Sec. 2, Taipei, 112, Taiwan, ROC.
Sci Rep. 2022 Sep 2;12(1):15004. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-18918-x.
To distinguish the influences of fuel type and truck speed on chemical composition and sub-toxic effects of particulates (PM) from engine emissions, biomarkers-interleukin-6 (IL-6), cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1, heme oxygenase (HO)-1, and NADPH-quinone oxidoreductase (NQO)-1-were studied in A549 human lung cells. Fuel type and truck speed preferentially affected the quantity and ion/polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) composition of PM, respectively. Under idling operation, phenanthrene was the most abundant PAH. At high speed, more than 50% of the PAHs had high molecular weight (HMW), of which benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), benzo[ghi]perylene (B[ghi]P), and indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene (I[cd]P) were the main PAHs. B[a]P, B[ghi]P, and I[cd]P caused potent induction of IL-6, CYP1A1, and NQO-1, whereas phenanthrene mildly induced CYP1A1. Based on the PAH-mediated induction, the predicted increases in biomarkers were positively correlated with the measured increases. HMW-PAHs contribute to the biomarker induction by PM, at high speed, which was reduced by co-exposure to epigallocatechin-3-gallate.
为了区分燃料类型和卡车速度对颗粒物（PM）化学成分和亚毒性影响的影响，来自发动机排放的生物标志物——白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、细胞色素 P450（CYP）1A1、血红素加氧酶（HO）-1 和 NADPH-醌氧化还原酶（NQO）-1，在 A549 人肺细胞中进行了研究。燃料类型和卡车速度分别优先影响 PM 的数量和离子/多环芳烃（PAH）组成。在怠速运行时，菲是最丰富的 PAH。在高速时，超过 50%的 PAHs 具有高分子量（HMW），其中苯并[a]芘（B[a]P）、苯并[ghi]苝（B[ghi]P）和茚并[1,2,3-cd]芘（I[cd]P）是主要的 PAHs。B[a]P、B[ghi]P 和 I[cd]P 引起强烈的 IL-6、CYP1A1 和 NQO-1 诱导，而菲轻度诱导 CYP1A1。基于 PAH 介导的诱导，预测生物标志物的增加与测量增加呈正相关。HMW-PAH 在高速时通过 PM 导致生物标志物的诱导，而表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯（EGCG）的共暴露则降低了诱导作用。
