Grabarits András, Kormos Márton, Lovas Izabella, Zaránd Gergely
Department of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3., H-1111, Budapest, Hungary.
BME-MTA Exotic Quantum Phases 'Lendület' Research Group, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3., H-1111, Budapest, Hungary.
Sci Rep. 2022 Sep 2;12(1):15017. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-18796-3.
We present a universal theory of quantum work statistics in generic disordered non-interacting Fermi systems, displaying a chaotic single-particle spectrum captured by random matrix theory. We consider quantum quenches both within a driven random matrix formalism and in an experimentally accessible microscopic model, describing a two-dimensional disordered quantum dot. By extending Anderson's orthogonality determinant formula to compute quantum work distribution, we demonstrate that work statistics is non-Gaussian and is characterized by a few dimensionless parameters. At longer times, quantum interference effects become irrelevant and the quantum work distribution is well-described in terms of a purely classical ladder model with a symmetric exclusion process in energy space, while bosonization and mean field methods provide accurate analytical expressions for the work statistics. Our results demonstrate the universality of work distribution in generic chaotic Fermi systems, captured by the analytical predictions of a mean field theory, and can be verified by calorimetric measurements on nanoscale circuits.
我们提出了一种通用理论，用于描述一般无序非相互作用费米系统中的量子功统计，该系统呈现出由随机矩阵理论捕获的混沌单粒子谱。我们在驱动随机矩阵形式体系以及实验上可实现的微观模型（描述二维无序量子点）中考虑量子猝灭。通过扩展安德森正交行列式公式来计算量子功分布，我们证明功统计是非高斯的，并且由几个无量纲参数表征。在较长时间时，量子干涉效应变得无关紧要，量子功分布可以用能量空间中具有对称排除过程的纯经典阶梯模型很好地描述，而玻色化和平均场方法为功统计提供了精确的解析表达式。我们的结果证明了一般混沌费米系统中功分布的普遍性，这由平均场理论的解析预测所捕获，并且可以通过对纳米级电路的量热测量来验证。
