Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
KITE-Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.
NeuroRehabilitation. 2022;51(3):353-395. doi: 10.3233/NRE-220037.
Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to various physical, psychological, and social challenges. Sport is a holistic physical activity that may target these challenges. No literature systematically summarizes the overall impact of sport participation for those with SCI.
To comprehensively report the findings of quantitative studies investigating the impact of sport on the physical, psychological, and social health of individuals with SCI.
Six databases were searched: APA PsycInfo, CINAHL, Embase, Emcare, Ovid Medline, and PubMed (non-Medline). Studies were included if (a) participants were adults with SCI for ≥12 months, (b) outcomes resulting from ≥3 months of sport participation were investigated, (c) sport occurred in the community setting, and (d) comparisons of sport and non-sport conditions were analyzed. Details regarding study characteristics, participants, sport(s), and outcomes were extracted. Methodological quality was assessed using the Modified Downs and Black checklist.
Forty-nine studies were included. Study quality ranged from poor to moderate. Sport participation showed favourable results for outcomes including function, quality of life, and community integration. Mixed results were found for outcomes including cardiac function, depressive symptoms, and employment. No significant associations were found for postural control, resilience, and education.
The review findings suggest sport may be a promising intervention for addressing some challenges associated with SCI.
脊髓损伤 (SCI) 会带来各种身体、心理和社会挑战。运动是一种整体的身体活动，可能针对这些挑战。没有文献系统地总结了运动参与对 SCI 患者身体、心理和社会健康的整体影响。
全面报告定量研究调查运动对 SCI 个体身体、心理和社会健康影响的研究结果。
检索了六个数据库：APA PsycInfo、CINAHL、Embase、Emcare、Ovid Medline 和 PubMed（非 Medline）。如果研究符合以下标准，则被纳入：(a) 参与者为患有 SCI 至少 12 个月的成年人，(b) 研究结果来自至少 3 个月的运动参与，(c) 运动在社区环境中进行，以及 (d) 对运动和非运动条件进行了比较。提取了有关研究特征、参与者、运动和结果的详细信息。使用改良的 Downs 和 Black 清单评估方法学质量。
共纳入 49 项研究。研究质量从差到中等不等。运动参与在功能、生活质量和社区融合等结果方面显示出有利的结果。在心脏功能、抑郁症状和就业等结果方面则存在混合结果。在姿势控制、韧性和教育方面没有发现显著的关联。
综述结果表明，运动可能是一种有前途的干预措施，可以解决与 SCI 相关的一些挑战。
