Elizalde-Velázquez Gustavo Axel, Gómez-Oliván Leobardo Manuel, García-Medina Sandra, Hernández-Díaz Misael, Islas-Flores Hariz, Galar-Martínez Marcela, García-Medina Alba Lucero, Chanona-Pérez José Jorge, Hernández-Varela Josué David
Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico.
Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Dec 15;852:158503. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158503. Epub 2022 Sep 2.
Microplastics (MPs) alone may endanger the health and fitness of aquatic species through different mechanisms. However, the harmful effects of these when mixed with other emerging contaminants require additional research. Herein, we aimed to determine whether a mixture of MPs with metformin (MET) or guanylurea (GUA) might induce embryotoxicity and oxidative stress in Danio rerio. Upon exposure to mixtures, our results showed MPs reduced the mortality rate of MET and GUA in embryos. Moreover, the severity and the rate of malformations were also decreased in all mixtures with MPs. Concerning oxidative stress, our findings indicated MET, GUA, MPs, and the mixtures increased the levels of lipoperoxidation, hydroperoxide content, and protein carbonyl content in D. rerio larvae. However, the oxidative damage induced in all mixtures was lower than that produced by both drugs alone. Thus, it is likely that the accumulation of MPs avoided the entrance of MET and GUA into the embryos. Once the embryo hatched, MPs did only remain accumulated in the yolk sac of larvae and did not translocate to other organs. Our risk assessment analysis confirmed that MPs shrunk the damage produced by MET and GUA. In a nutshell, MPs mitigate the embryotoxic damage of metformin and guanylurea in D. rerio by blocking their entrance.
微塑料（MPs）本身可能通过不同机制危及水生物种的健康和适应性。然而，这些微塑料与其他新兴污染物混合时的有害影响需要更多研究。在此，我们旨在确定微塑料与二甲双胍（MET）或胍基脲（GUA）的混合物是否会在斑马鱼中诱导胚胎毒性和氧化应激。暴露于混合物后，我们的结果表明微塑料降低了胚胎中MET和GUA的死亡率。此外，在所有含微塑料的混合物中，畸形的严重程度和发生率也有所降低。关于氧化应激，我们的研究结果表明MET、GUA、微塑料以及混合物均增加了斑马鱼幼虫的脂质过氧化水平、氢过氧化物含量和蛋白质羰基含量。然而，所有混合物诱导的氧化损伤均低于两种药物单独产生的损伤。因此，微塑料的积累可能避免了MET和GUA进入胚胎。一旦胚胎孵化，微塑料仅在幼虫的卵黄囊中积累，并未转移至其他器官。我们的风险评估分析证实，微塑料减轻了MET和GUA造成的损害。简而言之，微塑料通过阻止二甲双胍和胍基脲进入胚胎，减轻了它们对斑马鱼的胚胎毒性损害。
