Occupational Health Unit, U.O. Medicina Preventiva del Lavoro, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy.
Occupational Health Unit, U.O. Medicina Preventiva del Lavoro, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy.
J Affect Disord. 2022 Nov 15;317:354-359. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.08.124. Epub 2022 Sep 1.
Adjustment Disorders (AD) which develop in response to work-related stressors represent a model of psychiatric occupational disease. Major Depressive Episodes (MDE) although often associated to work-related stressors are unlikely recognized by insurance institutes as occupational diseases. Affective temperament and mood spectrum symptoms are possible factors of vulnerability to stress. The aim of this study was to investigate if temperaments and mood spectrum symptoms had a different distribution among workers exposed to occupational stress and suffering from different psychiatric disorders (AD, MDE).
156 AD and 97 MDE patients were recruited and evaluated with scales for perceived stress (PSM) and work-related stress (JCQ), for psychopathological symptoms (BDI-II, SAS), for affective temperament (TEMPS-A[P]) and for lifetime mood spectrum symptoms (MOODS-SR). Group comparisons and correlation analyses between variables were performed by parametric or non-parametric statistical tests according to variables distribution.
The diagnostic groups did not differ for perceived and occupational stress levels. MDE patients reported significantly higher BDI-II score and MOODS-SR scores than AD ones. The hyperthymic temperament was significantly more frequent in AD than in MDE group. The hyperthymic score, differently from other dimensions of temperament and from mood spectrum components, negatively correlated or did not correlate with psychopathological symptoms severity and perceived stress levels.
Predictive limitation because of cross-sectional design.
The hyperthymic temperament as opposed to lifetime subtreshold mood symptoms appears to be more represented in patients suffering from occupational AD than in MDE ones. Acknowledging vulnerability factors to job stress could support clinicians in occupational diseases prevention and management.
适应障碍（AD）是一种因工作相关压力源而产生的精神疾病模型。尽管重度抑郁发作（MDE）常与工作相关压力有关，但保险公司不太可能将其认定为职业病。情感气质和心境谱症状可能是对压力易感性的因素。本研究旨在探讨在暴露于职业压力并患有不同精神障碍（AD、MDE）的人群中，气质和心境谱症状是否存在不同的分布。
共招募了 156 例 AD 和 97 例 MDE 患者，并使用感知压力量表（PSM）和与工作相关的压力量表（JCQ）、心理病理症状量表（BDI-II、SAS）、情感气质量表（TEMPS-A[P]）和心境谱症状量表（MOODS-SR）进行评估。根据变量分布，采用参数或非参数统计检验对变量进行组间比较和相关性分析。
诊断组之间的感知压力和职业压力水平没有差异。MDE 患者的 BDI-II 评分和 MOODS-SR 评分显著高于 AD 患者。AD 组的欣快气质明显多于 MDE 组。欣快评分与其他气质维度以及心境谱成分不同，与心理病理症状严重程度和感知压力水平呈负相关或不相关。
由于采用横断面设计，存在预测限制。
与亚阈值心境症状相反，欣快气质在患有职业 AD 的患者中比在 MDE 患者中更为常见。认识到对工作压力的易感性因素可以帮助临床医生预防和管理职业疾病。
