Srivastava Prerna, Mishra C P, Nath Gopal
Community Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, IND.
Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, IND.
Cureus. 2022 Aug 1;14(8):e27551. doi: 10.7759/cureus.27551. eCollection 2022 Aug.
Background and objectives Diarrhoea is a preventable and treatable faecal-oral disease. Despite significant inputs from the health and non-health sector in the treatment and prevention of diarrhoea, it remains a significant contributor to under-five-years children mortality and exerts profound effects on their growth and development. Bacteriophage has the potential to prevent diarrhoea. Bacteriophage status may influence the extent of diarrhoea. The objectives of the study were a) to assess the bacteriophage status and quality of water based on the Most Probable Number (MPN) count in the drinking water of under-five years children, and b) to find the association of the extent of diarrhoea with the bacteriophage status and quality of drinking water of under-five-years children in rural areas of Varanasi. Methods This is a community-based cross-sectional study done in the Chiraigaon community development block in a rural area of Varanasi. Water samples were collected and analysed in the Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. Results The result of the study was that bacteriophage is present in 118 samples of water, whereas bacteriophage for (), and were present in the drinking water of 81.1%, 53.8%, and 25.8% of under-five-years children, respectively. The water quality was highly satisfactory in 41.7% of samples and unsatisfactory in 15.2% of samples (p<0.004). All samples with highly satisfactory water quality had bacteriophages. Diarrhoea was present in 57.14% of samples without bacteriophage and 24.5% in samples with bacteriophage (p<0.01). The unadjusted odds ratio is 4.09. Interpretation and conclusions The odds of diarrhoea are four times higher in the water sample without bacteriophage than in the water sample in which bacteriophage is present. Bacteriophage study in preventing diarrhoea in children under five and health risk assessment call for focus.
背景与目的 腹泻是一种可预防和治疗的粪口传播疾病。尽管卫生部门和非卫生部门在腹泻的治疗和预防方面投入巨大，但腹泻仍是五岁以下儿童死亡的重要原因，并对其生长发育产生深远影响。噬菌体有预防腹泻的潜力。噬菌体状态可能会影响腹泻的程度。本研究的目的是：a）根据五岁以下儿童饮用水中的最可能数（MPN）计数评估噬菌体状态和水质；b）在瓦拉纳西农村地区，找出五岁以下儿童腹泻程度与噬菌体状态及饮用水水质之间的关联。方法 这是一项在瓦拉纳西农村地区奇莱冈社区发展区开展的基于社区的横断面研究。水样在瓦拉纳西巴纳拉斯印度教大学医学科学研究所微生物学系采集和分析。结果 研究结果显示，118份水样中存在噬菌体，而在五岁以下儿童的饮用水中，分别有81.1%、53.8%和25.8%的水样检测到针对（）、和的噬菌体。41.7%的水样水质非常令人满意，15.2%的水样水质不令人满意（p<0.004）。所有水质非常令人满意的水样都含有噬菌体。57.14%没有噬菌体的水样出现腹泻，24.5%有噬菌体的水样出现腹泻（p<0.01）。未调整的优势比为4.09。解读与结论 没有噬菌体的水样中腹泻的几率比有噬菌体的水样高四倍。对五岁以下儿童预防腹泻的噬菌体研究以及健康风险评估值得关注。
