Akinyemi Joshua O, Agunbiade Melvin O, Salawu Mobolaji M, Eniade Olanrewaju D, Yaya Sanni, Fawole Olufunmilayo I
Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
Infectious Diseases Institute, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Sci Afr. 2022 Sep;17:e01334. doi: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2022.e01334. Epub 2022 Aug 29.
Although community screening and testing have been recommended by the World Health Organization, the extent of readiness and the associated factors among rural populations remain unknown. We investigated the factors associated with perception of the COVID-19 transmission risk and readiness for testing in rural areas of Southwest Nigeria. Using a multistage cluster sampling technique, cross-sectional data was collected from 922 adults aged 18 years and above who were resident in rural communities selected across three States in the Southwest region between June and August 2020. Descriptive statistics and binary logit models with robust standard errors were utilized for analysis. Mean age of respondents was 37.0 (SD = 15.8) years; 58.6% female; 46.5% had secondary education; and most were traders (33.2%) and artisans (29.9%). Only 149 respondents (16.2%) had a accurate perception of COVID-19 transmission risk. Adjusted logit models showed that independent factors associated with accurate perception of COVID-19 transmission risk include: age 18&19 years (OR = 0.50, CI: 0.34-0.73); exposure to electronic media (OR = 1.84, CI: 1.07-3.18); and being an in-migrant (OR = 3.38, CI: 2.44-4.68). Less than one-third (28.8%) were willing to test for COVID-19. Severe fear of COVID-19 (OR = 3.99, CI: 1.36-11.74) was associated with willingness to undergo COVID-19 testing. Socio-demographic predictors of testing readiness included: male sex (OR = 1.51, CI: 1.36-1.68); traditional religion (OR = 2.81, CI: 1.05-7.53); and exposure to electronic media (OR = 1.31, CI: 1.06-1.62). Awareness campaigns need to be scaled up to improve perception and preparedness to test for COVID-19.
尽管世界卫生组织已建议进行社区筛查和检测，但农村人口的准备程度及相关因素仍不明确。我们调查了尼日利亚西南部农村地区与对新冠病毒传播风险的认知以及检测准备情况相关的因素。采用多阶段整群抽样技术，于2020年6月至8月间从居住在西南地区三个州选定农村社区的922名18岁及以上成年人中收集横断面数据。分析采用描述性统计和带有稳健标准误的二元逻辑模型。受访者的平均年龄为37.0（标准差=15.8）岁；女性占58.6%；46.5%接受过中等教育；大多数是商人（33.2%）和工匠（29.9%）。只有149名受访者（16.2%）对新冠病毒传播风险有准确认知。经调整的逻辑模型显示，与对新冠病毒传播风险有准确认知相关的独立因素包括：18至19岁（比值比=0.50，置信区间：0.34 - 0.73）；接触电子媒体（比值比=1.84，置信区间：1.07 - 3.18）；以及为外来移民（比值比=3.38，置信区间：2.44 - 4.68）。不到三分之一（28.8%）的人愿意接受新冠病毒检测。对新冠病毒的极度恐惧（比值比=3.99，置信区间：1.36 - 11.74）与愿意接受新冠病毒检测相关。检测准备情况的社会人口学预测因素包括：男性（比值比=1.51，置信区间：1.36 - 1.68）；传统宗教信仰（比值比=2.81，置信区间：1.05 - 7.53）；以及接触电子媒体（比值比=1.31，置信区间：1.06 - 1.62）。需要扩大宣传活动以提高对新冠病毒检测的认知和准备程度。
