Li Changsuo, Xing Liting, Dong Yanan, Peng Yuming, Xing Xuerui, Li Chuanlei, Zhao Zhenhua
Institute of Geological Survey, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
Shandong Provincial Geo-mineral Engineering Exploration Institute, Jinan 250000, China.
Heliyon. 2022 Aug 28;8(9):e10428. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10428. eCollection 2022 Sep.
The objective of this study was to predict the dynamic change in the spring water level more precisely, to provide timely solutions for karst spring protection. Using the Jinan spring region as a case study, this study established a numerical model of a karst groundwater system, and optimized the mining layout. The calculated maximum extraction volume following the optimized exploitation layout was 0.69 m/s, in order to ensure the continuous flow of spring water in the median water year. A coupled karst groundwater numerical model with dual structure was developed using the MODFLOW-Conduit Flow Process (CFP), which simulates and then precisely predicts changes in the water level of the karst springs. Here, the plane extension direction of the karst conduit was determined by a tracer test and correlation analysis of the spring water levels and groundwater levels of the observation wells. Meanwhile, the vertical location of the karst conduit was determined by layered monitoring of the groundwater temperature and conductivity. Based on this, a coupling model of seepage and conduit flow was created to simulate the dynamic change in the spring water level, and the dual-media coupling model improved the simulation accuracy of the spring water level. The current study confirmed that, compared to the porous media seepage model, the dual-media coupling model can simulate the groundwater level dynamic change more accurately in a heterogeneous karst aquifer in northern China. The coupling model was used to analyze the effect of supplementation and optimize mining, to ensure that spring water continues to flow during the dry season while supplying the mining demand.
本研究的目的是更精确地预测泉水水位的动态变化，为岩溶泉保护提供及时的解决方案。以济南泉域为例，建立了岩溶地下水系统数值模型，并对开采布局进行了优化。按照优化后的开采布局计算得出的最大开采量为0.69立方米/秒，以确保平水年泉水持续流淌。利用MODFLOW-管道流过程（CFP）开发了具有双重结构的耦合岩溶地下水数值模型，该模型对岩溶泉水位变化进行模拟进而精确预测。在此，岩溶管道的平面延伸方向通过示踪试验以及观测井泉水水位与地下水位的相关性分析来确定。同时，岩溶管道的垂直位置通过对地下水温及电导率的分层监测来确定。在此基础上，建立渗流与管道流耦合模型来模拟泉水水位的动态变化，双介质耦合模型提高了泉水水位的模拟精度。当前研究证实，与多孔介质渗流模型相比，双介质耦合模型能够更准确地模拟中国北方非均质岩溶含水层中的地下水位动态变化。利用该耦合模型分析补给效果并优化开采，以确保旱季泉水持续流淌的同时满足开采需求。
