Sarto Fabio, Pizzichemi Martina, Chiossi Francesco, Bisiacchi Patrizia S, Franchi Martino V, Narici Marco V, Monti Elena, Paoli Antonio, Marcolin Giuseppe
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.
School of Human Movement Science, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.
Front Physiol. 2022 Aug 17;13:986881. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.986881. eCollection 2022.
Although regular physical activity exposure leads to positive postural balance control (PBC) adaptations, few studies investigated its effects, or the one of inactivity, on PBC in populations of different age groups. Thus, this study investigated the impact of a physically active lifestyle on static and dynamic PBC in young and older adults. Thirty-five young physically active subjects (YA), 20 young sedentary subjects (YS), 16 physically active older adults (OA), and 15 sedentary older adults (OS) underwent a static and a dynamic PBC assessment. A force platform and an instrumented proprioceptive board were employed to measure the center of pressure (COP) trajectory and the anteroposterior oscillations, respectively. In static conditions, no significant differences were detected among groups considering the overall postural balance performance represented by the area of confidence ellipse values. Conversely, the YA highlighted a higher efficiency (i.e., lower sway path mean velocity) in PBC maintenance compared to the other groups (YA vs OA: = 0.0057, Cohen's d = 0.94; YA vs OS = 0.043, d = 1.07; YA vs YS = 0.08, d = 0.67). OS exhibited an overall worse performance in dynamic conditions than YA and YS. Surprisingly, no differences were found between YS and OA for all the static and dynamic parameters considered. In conclusion, our results suggest that a physically active lifestyle may promote static and dynamic balance performance in young and older adults, thus with potentially positive effects on the age-related decline of postural balance performance. Dynamic PBC assessment seems more sensitive in detecting differences between groups than the static evaluation.
尽管经常进行体育活动会使姿势平衡控制（PBC）产生积极的适应性变化，但很少有研究调查其对不同年龄组人群PBC的影响，或不活动对PBC的影响。因此，本研究调查了积极的生活方式对年轻人和老年人静态和动态PBC的影响。35名年轻的体育活动参与者（YA）、20名年轻的久坐参与者（YS）、16名积极的老年成年人（OA）和15名久坐的老年成年人（OS）接受了静态和动态PBC评估。分别使用测力平台和仪器化本体感觉板来测量压力中心（COP）轨迹和前后摆动。在静态条件下，考虑到由置信椭圆值面积表示的整体姿势平衡表现，各组之间未检测到显著差异。相反，与其他组相比，YA在维持PBC方面表现出更高的效率（即更低的摆动路径平均速度）（YA与OA相比：=0.0057，科恩d值=0.94；YA与OS相比=0.043，d值=1.07；YA与YS相比=0.08，d值=0.67）。在动态条件下，OS的整体表现比YA和YS差。令人惊讶的是，在所有考虑的静态和动态参数方面，YS和OA之间未发现差异。总之，我们的结果表明，积极的生活方式可能会促进年轻人和老年人的静态和动态平衡表现，从而对姿势平衡表现与年龄相关的下降产生潜在的积极影响。动态PBC评估在检测组间差异方面似乎比静态评估更敏感。
