Pan Zijian, Dong Hao, Huang Ning, Fang Jie
State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Front Physiol. 2022 Aug 19;13:953078. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.953078. eCollection 2022.
Sirtuins are a family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent histone deacetylases, comprising seven members SIRT1-SIRT7. Sirtuins have been extensively studied in regulating ageing and age-related diseases. Sirtuins are also pivotal modulators in oxidative stress and inflammation, as they can regulate the expression and activation of downstream transcriptional factors (such as Forkhead box protein O3 (FOXO3a), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)) as well as antioxidant enzymes, through epigenetic modification and post-translational modification. Most importantly, studies have shown that aberrant sirtuins are involved in the pathogenesis of infectious and inflammatory oral diseases, and oral cancer. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the regulatory patterns of sirtuins at multiple levels, and the essential roles of sirtuins in regulating inflammation, oxidative stress, and bone metabolism. We summarize the involvement of sirtuins in several oral diseases such as periodontitis, apical periodontitis, pulpitis, oral candidiasis, oral herpesvirus infections, dental fluorosis, and oral cancer. At last, we discuss the potential utilization of sirtuins as therapeutic targets in oral diseases.
沉默调节蛋白是一类依赖烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（NAD）的组蛋白去乙酰化酶，由七个成员SIRT1 - SIRT7组成。沉默调节蛋白在调节衰老及与年龄相关的疾病方面已得到广泛研究。沉默调节蛋白在氧化应激和炎症中也是关键调节因子，因为它们可通过表观遗传修饰和翻译后修饰来调节下游转录因子（如叉头框蛋白O3（FOXO3a）、核因子红细胞2相关因子2（Nrf2）和核因子κB（NF - κB））以及抗氧化酶的表达和激活。最重要的是，研究表明异常的沉默调节蛋白参与感染性和炎症性口腔疾病以及口腔癌的发病机制。在本综述中，我们全面概述了沉默调节蛋白在多个层面的调控模式，以及沉默调节蛋白在调节炎症、氧化应激和骨代谢中的重要作用。我们总结了沉默调节蛋白在几种口腔疾病中的作用，如牙周炎、根尖周炎、牙髓炎、口腔念珠菌病、口腔疱疹病毒感染、氟斑牙和口腔癌。最后，我们讨论了将沉默调节蛋白作为口腔疾病治疗靶点的潜在应用。
