Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA.
Merck & Co., Inc., North Wales, PA, USA.
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2022 Nov;21(11):1621-1636. doi: 10.1080/14760584.2022.2116007. Epub 2022 Sep 5.
The COVID-19 pandemic represents a threat that has posed a challenge to public health response and threatens immunization programs globally. Despite recommendations to continue routine immunization services, disruptions have been observed to these and mass vaccination campaigns. This may result in setbacks to immunization initiative successes and a rise in cases of vaccine-preventable diseases.
We conducted a systematic literature review to identify studies globally that described how indicators of health system resilience, defined using the Resilient Health System Framework, enabled routine immunizations to continue during the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic search was conducted in Embase, Web of Science, PsychInfo, medRxiv, bioRxiv, and the gray literature between 1 January 2020, and 12 November 2021. Information was extracted from the studies identified describing how the specific elements of resiliency (being aware, diverse, self-regulating, integrated, and adaptive) were applied to their routine immunization programs.
Our study demonstrates the use of tools that contributed to immunization program resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic in all geographic regions and for countries with different income levels. These tools may help inform preparations for other immunization programs to catch up from the COVID-19 pandemic or mitigate the impact of future threats.
COVID-19 大流行是对全球公共卫生应对措施的威胁，也威胁着全球的免疫计划。尽管有建议继续开展常规免疫服务，但这些服务和大规模疫苗接种活动都受到了干扰。这可能会使免疫计划的成功受挫，并导致更多的疫苗可预防疾病病例。
我们进行了系统的文献回顾，以确定全球范围内的研究，这些研究描述了使用弹性卫生系统框架定义的卫生系统弹性指标如何使常规免疫在 COVID-19 大流行期间得以继续。在 2020 年 1 月 1 日至 2021 年 11 月 12 日期间，在 Embase、Web of Science、PsychInfo、medRxiv、bioRxiv 和灰色文献中进行了系统搜索。从确定的研究中提取了信息，描述了弹性的特定要素（意识、多样性、自我调节、综合和适应性）如何应用于其常规免疫计划。
我们的研究表明，在所有地理区域和不同收入水平的国家中，使用了有助于免疫计划在 COVID-19 大流行期间保持弹性的工具。这些工具可能有助于为其他免疫计划从 COVID-19 大流行中恢复或减轻未来威胁的影响做好准备。
