CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.
Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
Integr Zool. 2023 May;18(3):506-517. doi: 10.1111/1749-4877.12675. Epub 2022 Oct 6.
Metamorphosis is the short developmental stage characterized by dramatic ontogenetic changes that occurs in most animals. However, this important process remains largely unclear in marine invertebrates. In this study, we performed the sequential RNA sequencing of a representative mollusk, the rapa whelk (Rapana venosa), that is undergoing metamorphosis and conducted differential gene expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to investigate the overall and dynamic transcriptome responses. The results revealed that the expression of cytochrome P450 2A and 3A were upregulated during metamorphosis, while the expression of H/ACA ribonucleoproteins increased 4 h after metamorphosis induction (M4 stage), indicating that R. venosa mainly responded to the pelagobenthic changes. At the M24 stage, the enrichment of V-type proton ATPase and insulin indicated the complete development of secretory organs and initiation of hormone secretion. Furthermore, at the M48 stage, the enrichment of zinc metalloproteinase and conotoxin indicated a well-developed predation system that requires exogenous nutrition. Finally, during the PL stage, the genes associated with growth control were highly enriched, implying that R. venosa had completed metamorphosis and has entered the period of rapid growth. Therefore, our study provides useful transcriptomic resources for R. venosa and contributes new insights that may assist in elucidating the mechanisms underlying metamorphosis in marine invertebrates.
变态发育是大多数动物在短期发育阶段经历的剧烈个体发育变化。然而，这个重要的过程在海洋无脊椎动物中仍然很大程度上不清楚。在这项研究中，我们对正在经历变态发育的代表性软体动物——拟滨螺（Rapana venosa）进行了连续的 RNA 测序，并进行了差异基因表达分析和加权基因共表达网络分析（WGCNA），以研究整体和动态转录组反应。结果表明，细胞色素 P450 2A 和 3A 的表达在变态发育过程中上调，而 H/ACA 核糖核蛋白的表达在变态诱导后 4 小时（M4 期）增加，表明 R. venosa 主要对浮游底栖变化做出反应。在 M24 期，V 型质子 ATP 酶和胰岛素的富集表明分泌器官的完全发育和激素分泌的开始。此外，在 M48 期，锌金属蛋白酶和芋螺毒素的富集表明了一个发达的捕食系统的建立，这需要外源性营养。最后，在 PL 期，与生长控制相关的基因高度富集，这意味着 R. venosa 已经完成了变态发育，进入了快速生长的阶段。因此，我们的研究为 R. venosa 提供了有用的转录组资源，并为阐明海洋无脊椎动物变态发育的机制提供了新的见解。
