Fontanari J L
Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 1987 Mar;45(1):16-28. doi: 10.1590/s0004-282x1987000100003.
The author studies three patients with Broca aphasia characterized by the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination, and following A.R. Luria's criterion on the use and comprehension of pragmatic elements of speech--deixis of time, person, place, discourse and social, implicatures of Grice, conventional, generalized and particularized and presupposition. For this, the author works on the development of three hours speech resulted from interviews and also uses specific tests. One of the patients lost the propositional content of speech and internal language, typical of severe dynamic aphasia. The other two showed instability in comprehension and use of time and place deixis only during the tests, not revealing this anomaly at non-artificial conditions. These findings suggest that metalanguage is upset with its specific temporo-spatial elements affected, and it is possible that there is a graduation in the loss of discourse linkage with verbal and nonverbal context in which mediation is made by pragmatic relation in frontal lesions.
作者研究了三名经波士顿诊断性失语症检查确诊为布罗卡失语症的患者，并遵循A.R. 卢里亚关于言语语用要素（时间、人物、地点、话语和社交指示语、格赖斯的常规、一般和特殊含义以及预设）的使用和理解的标准。为此，作者整理了因访谈产生的三小时言语记录，并使用了特定测试。其中一名患者丧失了言语的命题内容和内部语言，这是严重动态性失语症的典型表现。另外两名患者仅在测试期间表现出对时间和地点指示语理解和使用的不稳定，在非人为条件下未显示出这种异常。这些发现表明，元语言受到干扰，其特定的时空要素受到影响，并且额叶病变中由语用关系进行调解的言语与言语和非言语语境的话语联系丧失可能存在一个渐变过程。
