Medical Clinic 1, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany.
Medical Clinic 1, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2022 Oct;141:104847. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104847. Epub 2022 Sep 5.
Does the brain actively draw energy from the body when needed? There are different schools of thought regarding energy metabolism. In this study, the various theoretical models are classified into one of two categories: (1) conceptualizations of the brain as being purely passively supplied, which we call 'P-models,' and (2) models understanding the brain as not only passively receiving energy but also actively procuring energy for itself on demand, which we call 'A-models.' One prominent example of such theories making use of an A-model is the selfish-brain theory. The ability to make predictions was compared between the A- and P-models. A-models were able to predict and coherently explain all data examined, which included stress, sleep, caloric restriction, stroke, type-1-diabetes mellitus, obesity, and type-2-diabetes, whereas the predictions of P-models failed in most cases. The strength of the evidence supporting A-models is based on the coherence of accurate predictions across a spectrum of metabolic states. The theory test conducted here speaks to a brain that pulls its energy from the body on-demand.
大脑在需要时是否会主动从身体中获取能量？对于能量代谢，存在不同的学派观点。在这项研究中，将各种理论模型分为两类：(1) 将大脑纯粹视为被动供应的概念，我们称之为“P 模型”；(2) 将大脑理解为不仅被动接受能量，而且还能根据需要主动获取能量的模型，我们称之为“A 模型”。自私大脑理论就是利用 A 模型的一个突出例子。比较了 A 模型和 P 模型的预测能力。A 模型能够预测和连贯地解释所有检查过的数据，包括压力、睡眠、热量限制、中风、1 型糖尿病、肥胖和 2 型糖尿病，而 P 模型的预测在大多数情况下都失败了。支持 A 模型的证据强度基于在一系列代谢状态下准确预测的一致性。这里进行的理论测试表明，大脑会根据需要从身体中获取能量。
