Anaya Mancipe Javier Mauricio, Boldrini Pereira Leonardo Cunha, de Miranda Borchio Priscila Grion, Dias Marcos Lopes, da Silva Moreira Thiré Rossana Mara
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de Engenharia Metalúrgica e de Materiais/COPPE, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano, IMA, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2023 Feb;111(2):366-381. doi: 10.1002/jbm.b.35156. Epub 2022 Sep 6.
Type I collagen (Col_1) is one of the main proteins present in the skin extracellular matrix, serving as support for skin regeneration and maturation in its granulation stage. Electrospun materials have been intensively studied as the next generation of skin wound dressing mainly due to their high surface area and fibrous porosity. However, the electrospinning of collagen-based solutions causes degradation of its structure. In this work, a coaxial electrospinning process was proposed to overcome this limitation. The production of mats of polycaprolactone (PCL)-Col_1/PVA (collagen/poly(vinyl alcohol)) composed of core-shell nanofibers was investigated. PCL solution was used as the core solution, while Col_1/PVA was used as the shell solution. PVA was used to improve the processability of collagen, while PCL was employed to improve the mechanical properties and morphology of Col_1/PVA fibers. The morphology and the cytotoxicity of the fibers were highly dependent on the processing parameters. Defect-free core-shell nanofibers were obtained with a shell/core flow rates ratio = 4, flight distance of 12 cm, and an applied voltage of 16 kV. Using this strategy, the triple helix structure characteristic of the collagen molecule was preserved. Moreover, the common post-processing of solvent removal could be suppressed, simplifying the manufacturing processing of these biomaterials. The nanostructured mats showed no cytotoxicity, high liquid absorption, structural stability, hydrophilic character, and collagen release capacity, making them a potential novel dressing for skin damage regeneration, in special in the case of chronic wounds treatment, in which exogenous collagen delivery is necessary.
I型胶原蛋白（Col_1）是皮肤细胞外基质中的主要蛋白质之一，在其肉芽形成阶段为皮肤再生和成熟提供支撑。电纺材料因其高表面积和纤维孔隙率而被广泛研究作为下一代皮肤伤口敷料。然而，基于胶原蛋白溶液的电纺会导致其结构降解。在这项工作中，提出了一种同轴电纺工艺来克服这一限制。研究了由核壳纳米纤维组成的聚己内酯（PCL）-Col_1/PVA（胶原蛋白/聚乙烯醇）垫的制备。PCL溶液用作核溶液，而Col_1/PVA用作壳溶液。聚乙烯醇用于提高胶原蛋白的可加工性，而聚己内酯用于改善Col_1/PVA纤维的机械性能和形态。纤维的形态和细胞毒性高度依赖于加工参数。当壳/核流速比为4、飞行距离为12厘米、施加电压为16千伏时，可获得无缺陷的核壳纳米纤维。采用这种策略，胶原蛋白分子的三螺旋结构特征得以保留。此外，可以抑制常见的溶剂去除后处理，简化这些生物材料的制造工艺。纳米结构垫无细胞毒性，具有高液体吸收性、结构稳定性、亲水性和胶原蛋白释放能力，使其成为皮肤损伤再生的潜在新型敷料，特别是在慢性伤口治疗的情况下，其中需要外源性胶原蛋白递送。
