Wick Katharina, Schwarz Marcus, Schwager Susanne, Gläser Anni, Kirschner Hariet, Muehleck Julia, Werner Benedikt, Strauß Bernhard, Berger Uwe
Institut für Psychosoziale Medizin, Psychotherapie und Psychoonkologie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany.
Campus Gera, SRH Hochschule für Gesundheit GmbH, Gera, Germany.
Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol. 2023 Mar;73(3-04):121-129. doi: 10.1055/a-1928-4479. Epub 2022 Sep 7.
Beyond participation as a civil right, social participation has already been considered from legal, ethical, socio-psychological and political perspectives as an important component of the self- and external evaluation of a person as a valuable member of a society. Thus, social psychological studies frequently showed the importance of the sense of belonging as a central psychological component of social participation for both personal and social self-esteem. From a medical-psychological perspective, the association of global self-esteem and self-efficacy with health is well established. However, it is an open question whether social participation is directly related to psychological and physical well-being or whether this relationship is mediated via global self-esteem.
Based on a nationwide representative survey in Germany (N=2.531; age 14-93, M=48.58; 55.4% women), the variables social participation (KsT-5), global self-esteem (SISE), and physical and mental health (EQ5D) were measured using standardized questionnaires to examine a potential mediation.
As expected, significant positive correlations between social participation, global self-esteem and physical and mental health were found with medium ranged effect sizes. However, global self-esteem only partially mediated the association between social participation and health, i. e. a direct significant association between social participation and health could be proven.
The results underline the direct relevance of social participation for physical and mental health. This opens a hitherto hardly used perspective for health promotion in interaction with socio-political challenges in the topics of integration, inclusion and the sense of belonging.
社会参与不仅是一项公民权利，从法律、伦理、社会心理和政治角度来看，它已被视为个人自我评估以及他人将其视为社会中有价值成员的外部评估的重要组成部分。因此，社会心理学研究经常表明归属感作为社会参与的核心心理组成部分对于个人自尊和社会自尊的重要性。从医学心理学角度来看，总体自尊和自我效能感与健康之间的关联已得到充分证实。然而，社会参与是否直接与身心健康相关，或者这种关系是否通过总体自尊来介导，这仍是一个悬而未决的问题。
基于德国的一项全国代表性调查（N = 2531；年龄14 - 93岁，M = 48.58；55.4%为女性），使用标准化问卷测量社会参与（KsT - 5）、总体自尊（SISE）以及身心健康（EQ5D）等变量，以检验潜在的中介作用。
正如预期的那样，发现社会参与、总体自尊与身心健康之间存在显著的正相关，效应量处于中等范围。然而，总体自尊仅部分介导了社会参与与健康之间的关联，即可以证明社会参与与健康之间存在直接的显著关联。
研究结果强调了社会参与对身心健康的直接相关性。这为与融合、包容和归属感等主题中的社会政治挑战相互作用的健康促进开辟了一个迄今为止很少使用的视角。
