Jiang Shixie, Carpenter Linda L, Jiang Huabei
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Butler Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
Vis Comput Ind Biomed Art. 2022 Sep 8;5(1):22. doi: 10.1186/s42492-022-00119-y.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been established as an important and effective treatment for various psychiatric disorders. However, its effectiveness has likely been limited due to the dearth of neuronavigational tools for targeting purposes, unclear ideal stimulation parameters, and a lack of knowledge regarding the physiological response of the brain to TMS in each psychiatric condition. Modern optical imaging modalities, such as functional near-infrared spectroscopy and diffuse optical tomography, are promising tools for the study of TMS optimization and functional targeting in psychiatric disorders. They possess a unique combination of high spatial and temporal resolutions, portability, real-time capability, and relatively low costs. In this mini-review, we discuss the advent of optical imaging techniques and their innovative use in several psychiatric conditions including depression, panic disorder, phobias, and eating disorders. With further investment and research in the development of these optical imaging approaches, their potential will be paramount for the advancement of TMS treatment protocols in psychiatry.
经颅磁刺激（TMS）已被确立为治疗各种精神疾病的一种重要且有效的方法。然而，由于缺乏用于靶向目的的神经导航工具、理想的刺激参数不明确，以及对每种精神疾病中大脑对TMS的生理反应缺乏了解，其有效性可能受到了限制。现代光学成像方式，如功能近红外光谱和扩散光学断层扫描，是研究TMS优化和精神疾病功能靶向的有前景的工具。它们具有高空间和时间分辨率、便携性、实时能力以及相对低成本的独特组合。在这篇小型综述中，我们讨论了光学成像技术的出现及其在几种精神疾病（包括抑郁症、恐慌症、恐惧症和饮食失调）中的创新应用。随着对这些光学成像方法开发的进一步投入和研究，它们的潜力对于推进精神病学中的TMS治疗方案至关重要。
