Wu Yongping, Gu Yueying, Rao Xiuhua, Cheng Minling, Chen Ping, He Lina
Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, China.
International Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Aug 28;2022:6265388. doi: 10.1155/2022/6265388. eCollection 2022.
Elderly patients with chronic diseases (CDs) have a higher predilection for falls, with more severe consequences once they fall. Therefore, it is necessary to explore an effective way to prevent falls in elderly patients with CDs.
To clarify the clinical effects of outpatient health education on fall prevention and self-health management in elderly patients with CDs.
This retrospective study enrolled 102 elderly patients with CDs who received treatment in the School of Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital of Zhejiang University, between January 2019 and December 2020. Patients intervened by routine nursing were assigned to the regular group ( = 48), and those additionally treated with outpatient health education were included in the research group ( = 54). Assessment of patients' negative emotions (NEs) adopted the Self-Rating Anxiety/Depression Scale (SAS/SDS), determination of their sense of self-efficacy employed the Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I), and their self-care capacity evaluation used the Exercise of Self-Care Agency (ESCA). Patients' falls, hospitalization time, fall prevention knowledge, fall prevention-related health behavior, and nursing satisfaction were recorded.
After the nursing intervention, lower SAS, SDS, and FES-I scores were determined in the research group versus the regular group; the total ESCA score assessed from various dimensions was higher in the research group; the research group also exhibited a markedly lower incidence of falls, and shorter hospitalization time than the regular group, with better mastery of fall prevention knowledge, fall prevention-related health behavior and nursing satisfaction.
Outpatient health education intervention can prevent senile patients with CDs from falling, promote their rehabilitation, and enhance their mastery of fall prevention knowledge; moreover, it can improve patients' healthy behaviors to prevent falls, mitigate their NEs, and improve their sense of self-efficacy and self-care ability, which has high clinical application value.
患有慢性病（CDs）的老年患者更容易跌倒，一旦跌倒后果更严重。因此，有必要探索一种有效的方法来预防患有慢性病的老年患者跌倒。
阐明门诊健康教育对患有慢性病的老年患者预防跌倒及自我健康管理的临床效果。
本回顾性研究纳入了2019年1月至2020年12月期间在浙江大学医学院附属邵逸夫医院接受治疗的102例患有慢性病的老年患者。接受常规护理干预的患者被分配到常规组（n = 48），另外接受门诊健康教育治疗的患者被纳入研究组（n = 54）。采用焦虑自评量表/抑郁自评量表（SAS/SDS）评估患者的负面情绪（NEs），采用国际跌倒效能量表（FES-I）测定其自我效能感，采用自我护理能力测定量表（ESCA）评估其自我护理能力。记录患者的跌倒情况、住院时间、跌倒预防知识、与跌倒预防相关的健康行为以及护理满意度。
护理干预后，研究组的SAS、SDS和FES-I得分低于常规组；研究组从各个维度评估的ESCA总分更高；研究组的跌倒发生率也明显低于常规组，住院时间更短，对跌倒预防知识、与跌倒预防相关的健康行为的掌握更好，护理满意度更高。
门诊健康教育干预可预防患有慢性病的老年患者跌倒，促进其康复，增强其对跌倒预防知识的掌握；此外，它还可以改善患者预防跌倒的健康行为，减轻其负面情绪，提高其自我效能感和自我护理能力，具有较高的临床应用价值。
