School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong.
The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Ma Liu Shui, Hong Kong.
Aging Ment Health. 2023 Jun;27(6):1056-1067. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2022.2116404. Epub 2022 Sep 8.
Sensory-based interventions are commonly used to reduce the occurrence of agitation in people with dementia over extended periods. However, the evidence regarding their immediate de-escalation effects is unclear. The objectives of this systematic review are to (a) identify which sensory-based interventions have been used for de-escalating agitation and (b) examine the immediate effects of these interventions on de-escalating agitation in people with dementia. A systematic review was performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Data sources were identified by searching Embase, Medline, PsycINFO, and CINAHL for publications up to 2 March 2022. The de-escalating agitation effect had to be measured during the intervention or within 15 min after commencing the treatment. Only randomized controlled trials or quasi-experimental studies published in English were included. Nine studies met the inclusion criteria: two randomized controlled trials, one cross-over study, and six quasi-experimental studies. All were conducted in Western countries, involving a total of 246 participants. Music-related interventions were investigated in seven studies, and a positive effect on de-escalating agitation was found, with no side-effects. All of the studies had methodological limitations, including a single group design, blinding, an insufficient sample size, and imprecisely reported results. There is a profound dearth of rigorous studies examining the immediate agitation de-escalating effects of sensory-based interventions on people with dementia. However, the limited evidence on music-related interventions is encouraging. More rigorous research is recommended to confirm the effects.
基于感觉的干预措施常用于在较长时间内减少痴呆症患者出现躁动的情况。然而，其即时缓解效果的证据尚不清楚。本系统评价的目的是：(a) 确定哪些基于感觉的干预措施已被用于缓解躁动；(b) 研究这些干预措施对缓解痴呆症患者躁动的即时效果。本系统评价按照 PRISMA 指南进行。通过在 Embase、Medline、PsycINFO 和 CINAHL 中搜索截至 2022 年 3 月 2 日的出版物，确定了数据来源。干预过程中或开始治疗后 15 分钟内必须测量缓解躁动的效果。仅纳入以英语发表的随机对照试验或准实验研究。有 9 项研究符合纳入标准：2 项随机对照试验、1 项交叉研究和 6 项准实验研究。所有研究均在西方国家进行，共纳入 246 名参与者。有 7 项研究调查了与音乐相关的干预措施，发现其对缓解躁动有积极影响，且无副作用。所有研究均存在方法学局限性，包括单一组设计、无法设盲、样本量不足以及结果报告不精确。目前迫切需要开展严格研究，以检验基于感觉的干预措施对痴呆症患者的即时躁动缓解效果。但是，有限的关于音乐相关干预措施的证据令人鼓舞。建议开展更严格的研究以确认这些效果。
