State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150090, China.
College of Biological Engineering, Beijing Polytechnic, Beijing 10076, China.
Bioresour Technol. 2022 Nov;363:127890. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127890. Epub 2022 Sep 6.
Nitrate is the most common water environmental pollutant in the world. Inorganic electron donor-mediated denitrification is a typical process with significant advantages in treating low carbon-nitrogen ratio water and wastewater and has attracted extensive research attention. This review summarizes the denitrification processes using inorganic substances, including hydrogen, reductive sulfur compounds, zero-valent iron, and iron oxides, ammonium nitrogen, and other reductive heavy metal ions as electron donors. Aspects on the functional microorganisms, critical metabolic pathways, limiting factors and mathematical modeling are outlined. Also, the typical inorganic electron donor-mediated denitrification processes and their mechanism, the available microorganisms, process enhancing approaches and the engineering potentials, are compared and discussed. Finally, the prospects of developing the next generation inorganic electron donor-mediated denitrification process is put forward.
硝酸盐是世界上最常见的水环境污染物质。无机电子供体介导的反硝化是一种具有显著优势的典型过程，可用于处理低碳氮比水和废水，已引起广泛的研究关注。本综述总结了利用无机物质（包括氢气、还原性硫化合物、零价铁和氧化铁、铵氮以及其他还原性重金属离子）作为电子供体的反硝化过程。概述了功能微生物、关键代谢途径、限制因素和数学模型等方面。此外，还比较和讨论了典型的无机电子供体介导的反硝化过程及其机制、可用的微生物、增强方法和工程潜力。最后，提出了开发下一代无机电子供体介导的反硝化过程的前景。
