Fan Kaili, Wang Wei, Xu Xijun, Yuan Yuan, Ren Nanqi, Lee Duu-Jong, Chen Chuan
State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
College of Biological Engineering, Beijing Polytechnic, Beijing 100176, China.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2023 Mar 21;12(3):767. doi: 10.3390/antiox12030767.
The definition of reactive sulfur species (RSS) is inspired by the reactivity and variable chemical valence of sulfur. Sulfur is an essential element for life and is a part of global geochemical cycles. Wastewater treatment bioreactors can be divided into two major categories: sulfur reduction and sulfur oxidation. We review the origins of the definition of RSS and related biotechnological processes in environmental management. Sulfate reduction, sulfide oxidation, and sulfur-based redox reactions are key to driving the coupled global carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur co-cycles. This shows the coupling of the sulfur cycle with the carbon and nitrogen cycles and provides insights into the global material-chemical cycle. We also review the biological classification and RSS metabolic mechanisms of functional microorganisms involved in the biological processes, such as sulfate-reducing and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. Developments in molecular biology and genomic technologies have allowed us to obtain detailed information on these bacteria. The importance of RSS in environmental technologies requires further consideration.
活性硫物种（RSS）的定义源于硫的反应性和可变化学价。硫是生命必需元素，也是全球地球化学循环的一部分。废水处理生物反应器可分为两大类：硫还原和硫氧化。我们综述了RSS定义的起源以及环境管理中的相关生物技术过程。硫酸盐还原、硫化物氧化和基于硫的氧化还原反应是驱动全球碳、氮和硫耦合共循环的关键。这显示了硫循环与碳循环和氮循环的耦合，并为全球物质 - 化学循环提供了见解。我们还综述了参与生物过程的功能微生物的生物学分类和RSS代谢机制，如硫酸盐还原菌和硫氧化细菌。分子生物学和基因组技术的发展使我们能够获得有关这些细菌的详细信息。RSS在环境技术中的重要性需要进一步考虑。
